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《法学杂志》2012年第二期目录与摘要

http://www.law-lib.com　 2012-7-24 14:55:11　来源：中国法学会网

1 、刘金国教授
【摘要】 <正>刘金国,河北冀州人,1940年10月生于内蒙古通辽市,中国政法大学教授、博士生导师,北京市法学会法理学研究会会长。1991年-2002年任中国政法大学学位委员会委员、法理学教研室主任、导师组组长;1997年-2002年任教育部全国高等法学

【关键词】法理学研究；金国；北京市；博士生导师；内蒙古通辽市；法学会；大学教授；高等法学教育；学位委员会；教研室主任；


2 、中国古代的“权力”理念——兼论中国古代社会的政体与法律马小红（中国人民大学法学院）
【摘要】中国传统社会的制度、价值观与西方确实有着诸多的不同。中国传统法律文化将"权力"视为治国工具,而西方先人一开始就对权力充满戒心。本文分析了孟德斯鸠、魁奈等西方启蒙思想家和梁启超等对古代中国政体的认识,并引申出一个问题,即如何定义中国古代社会的性质。中西不同的权力理念源于对人性认识的差异。先秦儒家认为"人性善",对贤人始终寄予希望;先秦法家则认为"人性恶",主张利用"人性",加强君主的权力。西方先哲亚里士多德则坚持以法治限制人性,制约权力。中国古代社会的政权是一个畏惧、荣誉、品德兼而有之的"混合政体",中国的"传统法"是"礼与法"的共同体。
【Abstract】 Chinese traditional social system and values are different from western countries. In Chinese traditional legal culture, people regard "Power" as an instrument of administering a country. But Westerners are wary of power from the beginning. This article analyzes Montesquieu, Quesney and Liang Ch’ich’ao’s viewpoints towards the system of government of Ancient China, and it also invites a question: how can we define the nature of Chinese ancient society. The different ideas of power between Chinese and Westerners derive from the different cognitions of human nature. The Confucians believe "human nature is kind-hearted", and they place hope on sages. The Legalists believe "human nature is evil" and Monarchs should strengthen their power by taking advantage of it. Aristotle believes that in order to restrict power, human nature should be limited by rule of law. The regime of Chinese ancient society is mixed with fear, honour and morality. Chinese "traditional law" is a community of "propriety and law".

【关键词】权力；政体；法律；
【Key words】 power system of government law；

3 、中国古代刑法禁约制度的历史考察万川（北京市社会科学院）;
【摘要】刑法禁约起源于北魏,造极于两宋,至明清而发生新变化。刑法禁约制度的调整对象和范围十分广泛。禁约条文是带有皇权干预特点的禁止性和命令性条款,与敕令格式的法律约束力相同;禁约独立于刑律之外,是与刑律并列的法律形式;禁约具有因时、因地制宜的特点,不具备常法的稳定性;禁约表现出中国古代法制诸法合体的共同特点。在刑律和敕令格式之外大量制颁刑法禁约,是法制建设适应经济社会快速变化需要的必然结果。
【Abstract】 Originated from Beiwei and completed in Song,the Prohibitive decree changed during the Ming and Qing dynasty.The object and range of the prohibitive decree system was very widely.It’s terms were prohibitive and injunctive which present characteristics of imperial power or authority and it’s legally binding was same as the prohibitive decree paralleled with and was independent of criminals,incording to time and place.It was no stable as ordinary legal provision,but presented a commom trait that various kinds of laws were integrated in ancient times of China.Besides the criminals and the edict,Issue of a lot of prohibitive decrees reflected an inevitable consequence that legal construction must be adapt to requirement of development of economic and society.

【关键词】古代；刑法禁约；发展演变；
【Key words】 ancient prohibitive decree evolution；

4 、《大清违警律》立法源流探析沈岚（安徽大学法学院）;
【摘要】租界里丰富的治安法规及良好的实施效果为清末治安模式的转型提供了鲜活的示范,而日本刑法中的"违警罪"专编则成为了清末治安立法的参考摹本。伴随着中央最高警政机构民政部的设立,《违警罪章程》仓促登场,却很快就因粗糙简陋被《大清违警律》取而代之。后者的面世则是中国近代治安处罚法规正式形成的标志。
【Abstract】 Lots of regulations for public security administration in concessions implemented well. It set a good example for the transition of the public security administration system in Late Qing. The part named Wei-jing Offence in the criminal law of Japan became the direct reference for the legislations of the public security administration system in Late Qing. The establishment of the Legal Issues of Wei-jing Offence came in a rush with the founding of the Ministry of Civil Affairs,but soon was to be replaced by the Wei-jing Law of Qing because it was too simple. The Wei-jing Law of Qing was the first formal law of the public security administration in Late Qing.

【关键词】清末；治安法规；《违警罪章程》；《大清违警律》；
【Key words】 late Qing Dynasty legislations of the public security administration legal issues of Wei-jing offence Wei-jing law of Qing Dynasty；

5 、论中国传统家族司法主体的权力——以国家法律对家族长权力的确认为视角原美林（湘潭大学法学院）;
【摘要】中国传统家族司法是当今法律文化研究的重点,其司法主体如何在司法过程中实施司法权和国家如何看待这一权力的应用,引发了对传统家族长权力现代变迁的深刻思考。我们在理解国家法律与基层司法相结合治理社会这一法律文化的基础上,研究中国传统家族司法主体的权力,能够得出现代家族长的权力与民族现代化发展互容互补的结论。
【Abstract】 With the traditional Chinese family judicature as the focal points of today’s legal culture research, how the subject authority implements its judicial power and how it is looked on by the state have aroused deep thinking about the modern transition of family patriarch’s authority. Studying the subject authority of traditional Chinese family judicature based on the understanding of the legal culture that social governance can be maintained by combining the best of the national law and grassroots judicature, we’ve come to the conclusion that modern family patriarch’s authority and the development of national modernization are compatible and complementary.

【关键词】家族司法；国家法律；主体权力；现代变迁；
【Key words】 family judicature national law subject authority modern transition；

6 、《劳动合同法》的不足与完善——《劳动合同法》在中小企业适用的法经济学分析冯玉军（中国人民大学法学院）;方鹏（中国银河证劵股份有限公司）;
【摘要】在金融危机的背景下,《劳动合同法》在中小企业中遭遇多种类型的实施困境,导致企业在实际经营中多方采取逃避《劳动合同法》的做法。本文仅就企业、工人双方基于《劳动合同法》框架下的非合作博弈关系,从博弈论以及劳动力供求关系双重角度论证了《劳动合同法》实施困难的必然性以及原因。建议在中小企业中构建新型劳动关系,在企业与工人博弈的过程中,地方政府亦应当采取切实的措施提升《劳动合同法》对劳动关系的影响力以及对工人的保护力度,进而为实现经济增长方式的转变提供内在动力和助力。
【Abstract】 Under the background of financial crisis, the labor contract law encounters various types of difficulties from SMEs, and enterprises take many ways to avoid the labor contract law in practice. The paper analyzes the reason why the labor contract law carries out so hardly from the perspective of the game theory and labor supply-demand theory between enterprises and laborers, suggests that new relationship between enterprises and laborers should be formed in SMEs, that the government should take effective measures to improve the labor law’s influence on labor relationship and protection for laborers, by which the government can help to realize the change of economic growth.

【关键词】劳动合同法；中小企业；非合作博弈；解困之道；
【Key words】 labor contract law small and medium enterprises non-cooperative game solution；

7 、国家资助项目职务发明权利配置的法经济探析胡朝阳（东南大学法学院）;
【摘要】国家资助项目中职务发明权利配置面临诸多法律法规与行政规章的规范竞合,其规范适用效果须以其能否有效促进其职务发明权利流转为判定基准,其效率价值实现有赖增进其职务发明权利流转、减小其交易成本、确保利益受损者获得有效补偿,完善其有关制度安排须明晰其职务发明权属的法定范围,完备其职务发明人的优先申请、优先受让与优先实施专利等法定权利,强化其职务发明人的法定义务。
【Abstract】 There are some problems on normative conflict among laws, regulations and administrative rules with regard to the right configuration about service invention in the government-funded project. The benchmark for judging its effect of application of norms is if norms effectively promote the right of service invention to transfer. The realization of its efficiency value depends on enhancing its service invention circulation and reducing its transaction cost and ensuring its loser’s acquisition of effective compensation. And the improvement of its institutional arrangement depends on defining the statutory range of ownership of service invention, perfecting the service inventor’s statutory rights such as priority application, priority transferee and priority implementation of its patent, etc, and strengthening the service inventor’s statutory obligation.

【关键词】职务发明；权利配置；效率；国家资助项目；
【Key words】 service invention right configuration efficiency the government-funded project；

8 、权力腐败的法理透析刘金国（中国政法大学）;
【摘要】坚决惩治权力腐败和有效预防权力腐败,关系人心向背和党的生死存亡,这一重大课题始终是我们党和国家面临的重大政治任务。权力腐败是权力的权利化和权力的非责任化,因为权力时刻存在着走向腐败的可能性,权力具有私欲性,权力具有可交换性,权力具有不平等性。权力腐败的本质是剥削,其法律属性与民本、民生、和谐社会、核心价值体系完全相悖。要充分认识反腐倡廉建设的战略意义,充分认识反腐败斗争的长期性、复杂性和艰巨性。
【Abstract】 To fight against power corruption stoutly and prevent it efficiently is related to what the people are for and against, it is also critical to the CCP. The research about it is also one of the most important political task to the CCP and our country. Power corruption means abuse of power. Power might lead to corruption at any time. Power has the characteristic of exclusion, interchangeability and unequality. The substance of power corruption is exploitation and the nature of it in law is totally contrary to democracy, harmony and other core values. We should fully realize the strategical significance of combating corruption and upholding integrity, fully understand that the fight of anti-corruption is a long, difficult and complicated task.

【关键词】权力腐败；剥削；法理透析；
【Key words】 power corruption exploitation legal perspective；

9 、亚洲建立区域人权机制的路径与选择杨成铭（北京理工大学法学院）;
【摘要】亚洲区域人权机制建设是当代国际人权法中最受关注的主题之一。亚洲建立区域人权机制是施行《世界人权宣言》和维护本区域人权的有效途径,亚洲现有人权机制具有局限性,应在亚洲未来人权机制建设模式选择的基础上,结合欧洲、非洲和美洲区域人权机制的经验和缺陷,创建和完善亚洲区域人权机制的路径和方法。
【Abstract】 Establishing regional human rights mechanism in Asia is one of the hot spots in international law of human rights. This paper will discuss the functions of Asian regional human rights mechanism in enforcing Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the maintenance of Asian human rights, and on the basis of discussion on the restriction of the current Asian human rights mechanisms and model of future regional human rights mechanism in Asia as well as the experiences and morals of other regional human rights mechanisms in Europe, America and Africa, the approaches and means of founding and perfecting regional human rights mechanism in Asia will be mainly dissertated.

【关键词】亚洲；人权机制；路径；选择；
【Key words】 Asia human rights mechanism approach choice；

10 、我国自然资源生态损害私法救济的不足及对策张梓太（复旦大学）;王岚（武汉大学环境法研究所）;
【摘要】自然资源兼具经济价值和生态价值,自然资源生态损害的私法救济在其他各国法中获得了广泛的支持。而我国法律未明确界定自然资源生态损害及其赔偿范围、赔偿权利主体等,不利于自然资源的保护。我国私法应明确自然资源生态损害的赔偿范围、赔偿权利主体,完善侵权损害赔偿救济制度,建立社会化的生态损害赔偿机制,重视预防性责任在防范自然资源生态损害中的作用。
【Abstract】 Natural resource contains both economic and ecological values. And private legal relief for the damages of natural resources is practiced in a lot of countries. In China, there are no specific provisions regarding the scope of the remedy for the damages to natural resources, nor of the subjects who are entitled to claim for the remedies. This is not good for the protection of the natural resources. The private laws in China should have specific provisions regarding the scope of the remedy and the subjects that are entitled to the remedy. We should also perfect the legal remedy institution for tort-related damages, establish socialized remedy institution for ecological damages, and focus on the role of preventive liability in the area of preventing ecological damages to natural resources.

【关键词】自然资源；生态损害；私法救济；
【Key words】 natural resources ecological damages private legal remedy；

11 、论食品安全监督过失责任刘期湘（湖南商学院法学院）;张斌（山东省济宁市任城区人民检察院）;
【摘要】监督过失是指处于放置危险状态的上位监督者以及管理者地位的人违反监督、管理义务,对其应当避免的危害结果发生的过失心理状态。危惧感说是食品生产经营管理者负监督过失责任的理论依据。根据危惧感说,食品生产经营者处于保证人的地位,监督管理者不适用信赖原则。在确定食品生产经营者的注意义务时,一定要将其在立场上与消费者相对立的同生产、销售等市场运作过程相联系的特殊性作为最基本的出发点。
【Abstract】 Supervisory negligence is the psychological condition of the persons, who are in the leading positions or in the position of coordinating in business areas, causing harmful consequences because of his or her negligence or overconfidence which he should have avoided. The fear of doctrine is the theoretical basis of food production managers who are responsible for supervisory negligence liability. According to the fear that, food production operators are in the guarantor’s position and supervisory managers do not apply to the principle of trust. When we determine the attentive obligation of food production operators, we must take the specific characteristics of the links to marketing operation as the fundamental starting point, which is opposite to consumers in the position of production and sale.

【关键词】食品安全；监督过失；危惧感说；注意义务；
【Key words】 food safety supervisory negligence fear of doctrine obligation of care；

12 、我国外汇保证金交易法律制度构建初探徐磊（上海建桥学院）;
【摘要】监督过失是指处于放置危险状态的上位监督者以及管理者地位的人违反监督、管理义务,对其应当避免的危害结果发生的过失心理状态。危惧感说是食品生产经营管理者负监督过失责任的理论依据。根据危惧感说,食品生产经营者处于保证人的地位,监督管理者不适用信赖原则。在确定食品生产经营者的注意义务时,一定要将其在立场上与消费者相对立的同生产、销售等市场运作过程相联系的特殊性作为最基本的出发点。
【Abstract】 Supervisory negligence is the psychological condition of the persons, who are in the leading positions or in the position of coordinating in business areas, causing harmful consequences because of his or her negligence or overconfidence which he should have avoided. The fear of doctrine is the theoretical basis of food production managers who are responsible for supervisory negligence liability. According to the fear that, food production operators are in the guarantor’s position and supervisory managers do not apply to the principle of trust. When we determine the attentive obligation of food production operators, we must take the specific characteristics of the links to marketing operation as the fundamental starting point, which is opposite to consumers in the position of production and sale.

【关键词】食品安全；监督过失；危惧感说；注意义务；
【Key words】 food safety supervisory negligence fear of doctrine obligation of care；

13 、论著作权默示许可使用的立法实践张今;陈倩婷（中国政法大学民商法学院）;
【摘要】随着互联网技术的快速发展,现实生活中出现了大量的著作权默示许可行为,在著作权立法方面,也出现了对著作权默示许可的一些尝试。不过,无论是以美国为代表的判例法国家在互联网新技术与数字图书馆方面的裹足不前还是我国在《信息网络传播权保护条例》中的浅尝辄止,都不能满足现实中大量著作权默示许可行为的制度需求。著作权默示许可使用可以在不改变现有的著作权法结构的前提下,有效地调和互联网的共享性与著作权的私权性之间的矛盾,因此构建著作权默示许可制度不仅在当下十分必要,而且也将是著作权法发展的大势所趋。
【Abstract】 With the rapid development of Internet technology, numerous conducts of copyright implied license have appeared in reality, as well as the attempt in legislation. However, neither the standstill in terms of digital libraries in the U.S. judge-made law, nor the tiny alteration could meet the need of the institution of copyright implied license in the real life. Actually, the copyright implied license can effectively solve the contradiction between the sharing of Internet and the privilege of copyright, without altering the structure of the existing copyright law. Therefore, it is not only necessary at present but also a tendency of development of copyright law to contribute a general institution of copyright implied license. 　
【关键词】著作权；默示许可；
【Key words】 copyright implied license；

14 、地方政府实施商标战略的省思储敏（南京财经大学法学院）;
【摘要】近年来,国内掀起了一股实施商标战略的热潮,多个地方政府制定并颁布了实施商标战略的规范性文件。然而,地方政府实施商标战略的目标以及地方政府实施的"重金奖励驰名商标"、"政府优先采购驰名商标及著名商标称号获得者的产品"、"鼓励商号与商标的一体化"等商标战略措施都值得省思。
【Abstract】 In recent years, the tide of implementing trademark strategy has been heated up in our country; many local governments established and promulgated their normative documents on the implementation of trademark strategy. However, the target and some measures in those normative documents deserve to be reflected, such as "heavily rewarding trademarks"; "prioritizing to purchase the products of well-known trademark and famous trademark in government procurement"; "encouraging the integration of trade names and trademarks", etc

【关键词】地方政府；商标战略；驰名商标；
【Key words】 local governments trademark strategy well-known trademark；

15 、企业维持原则在解散公司之诉中的体现——以《新公司法司法解释二》为视角王瑞（北方工业大学）;丛奔（山东省齐鲁律师事务所）;
【摘要】通过对《新公司法司法解释二》中股东请求解散公司诉讼具体规定的分析,揭示企业维持原则在股东请求解散公司之诉的立法和法律适用中的体现,继而在对企业维持原则更深层次理解之基础上分析这种指导思想得以贯彻的原因。可以说,企业维持原则已成为股东和利益之间维持利益平衡的一个支点。
【Abstract】 By way of analyses the regulations of Judicial Dissolution of Corporation by Shareholders in Judicial Interpretation 2 of the New Company Law of PRC, digs up the legislative and juridical embodiments of Principle of Enterprises Maintaining in Judicial Dissolution of Corporation by Shareholders. Then, based on the deeper understanding, we analyses the reason that the Principle of Enterprises Maintaining can be carried out. It absolutely shows that, the Principle of Enterprises Maintaining has already become an interest fulcrum between shareholders and the corporate.

【关键词】企业维持原则；解散公司之诉；
【Key words】 principle of enterprises maintaining judicial dissolution of corporation；

16 、再论诉讼担当——以担当人和被担当人在实体法和程序法上的关系为视角张晓茹（北京航空航天大学法学院）;
【摘要】对诉讼担当概念的理解不一致造成了我国学者对诉讼担当范围和类型的分歧。对诉讼担当的学理分类分歧主要存在于任意诉讼担当之中,因而建议采"与实体权一起进行诉讼追行委托的诉讼担当"与"仅仅就诉讼追行进行委托的诉讼担当"的分类,以达到诉讼担当内涵与外延的一致。从法定担当和任意担当的角度探索诉讼担当的具体形态,分析诉讼担当人与被担当人实体法和程序法上的关系,只要符合诉讼担当的概念、制度的设置目的并具有诉讼担当的功能都应当属于诉讼担当。　
【Abstract】 Litigation undertaking system in civil action plays an important role in solving the segregation of civil subject and litigation subject. With the different comprehension in the concept of litigation undertaking, our country’s scholars have different views on the range of application. The main divergence on the theoretic classification of litigation taking is on the discretional undertaking. And the classification of "the litigation undertaking with both substantive right and litigious right" and "the litigation undertaking with only litigious right" can help to reach the integration of intension and extension of the concept. This paper illustrates the application of the litigation undertaking through legal undertaking and discretional undertaking. By analyzing the relationship between litigation undertaker and undertaken-person in substantive law and procedural law, the paper comes to the conclusion that the action which can match the concept and the aim of undertaking system and has the function of undertaking can be regard as litigation undertaking.

【关键词】诉讼担当；概念；学理分类；具体形态；
【Key words】 litigation undertaking system concept theoretic classification application；

17 、我国台湾地区死刑控制及其对大陆死刑改革的启示王秀梅;曾赛刚（北京师范大学）;
【摘要】本文从立法和司法两个方面分析了我国台湾地区死刑立法模式、死刑适用条件、死刑适用范围、死刑规定方式的控制以及死刑案件程序、死刑赦免、死刑执行的控制,还分析了我国台湾地区死刑立法控制和司法控制的理念。通过这两个方面的分析发现,台湾地区死刑控制与我国大陆死刑的改革方向不谋而合,即对已满75周岁的老年人犯罪绝对不适用死刑。此外,台湾地区死刑控制对我国大陆死刑改革也有一定的启示,即将死刑适用的具体条件限定为危害生命或健康的严重犯罪;废除绝对死刑;提高无期徒刑的假释门槛、新增重罪累犯不得假释的规定、延长死刑追诉权期限;增设死刑案件强制上诉制度,等等。　
【Abstract】 This paper analyzes the death penalty control in China Taiwan from perspectives of death penalty legislation, condition of applying for death penalty, procedural control on death penalty, amnesty and execution. With these analysis, the paper reaches the following enlightenment: there is no more death penalty on person who is over 75 years old; death penalty imposed on crimes that seriously endanger life and health of human beings; death penalty should not be the absolute sentence; increasing the criteria of parole on life imprisonment; adding the provision of without parole on serious crime and recidivism; lasting the period of prosecution on death penalty case; and set up the system of enforcing appeal for death penalty case.

【关键词】死刑立法；死刑司法；死刑控制；启示；
【Key words】 legislation on death penalty judicial practice death penalty control；

18 、单位犯罪存在范围的批判性反思曾友祥（华南理工大学法学院）;王聿连（山东省济宁市嘉祥县人民检察院）;
【摘要】市场经济的进一步发展催生出了更多的单位犯罪,我国1997年《刑法》正式将单位确定为犯罪主体,这对于打击单位犯罪具有里程碑式的意义。但是,由于立法层面上没有兼顾单位犯罪与自然人犯罪之间的逻辑平衡,加之刑法理论界相关研究的匮乏,导致在司法层面上对单位犯罪的认定各行其是,以致使得刑事司法难以应对诸多的新型单位犯罪。因此,针对单位犯罪研究与司法操作的混乱局面,深入探究单位犯罪与自然人犯罪的关系,进而全面思索刑事立法对于单位犯罪加以干预范围的明确化和视角转换问题,对于完善单位犯罪刑法规制体系具有立法和理论研究的必要性和前瞻性。　
【Abstract】 The further development of market economy has given birth to more crimes committed by units, in 1997,China Criminal Law formally identified corporate crime as the subject of a crime, which is a milestone for combating corporate crime. However, legislation does not keep a logical balance between natural crime and corporate crime, coupled with the lack of relevant research, thus, in the judicial level, the identification of crimes committed by units varies, which makes it difficult to deal with lots of criminal justice crimes committed by units. Practice of the corporate crime is in mess, therefore, it is vital for us to do the deep exploration for the relationship between corporate crime and natural crime, and the fully thought for criminal legislation of corporate crimes, which is also important to improve the corporate crime criminal law system and meet the need for theoretical research and forward-looking.

【关键词】单位犯罪；自然人犯罪；比较法；定罪条款；量刑条款；
【Key words】 corporate crime natural crime comparative laws conviction articles discretion articles；

19 、《刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)》的功能性分析叶青;谭志鹏（上海社会科学院）;
【摘要】诉讼功能认识的偏差影响人们对诉讼的运用及诉讼理论、诉讼制度的建构。我国《刑事诉讼法》修改一方面不应削弱惩罚犯罪的功能,另一方面也应进一步强化人权保障的功能。本文试图在对《中华人民共和国刑诉法修正案(草案)》作功能性分析的基础上,围绕我国《刑事诉讼法》修改中的几个争议问题,提出以强化与完善相关制度与程序予以解决的方法和建议。　
【Abstract】 Understanding of the function of litigation has a great impact on legal practice and the infrastructure of litigation theory and system. In the new amendment of China criminal procedural law, its functional character of penalizing crime should not be weakened. Meanwhile, its functional character of protecting human rights should be further strengthened. Based on the analysis of the functional character of the amendment of China criminal procedural law, this article will discuss several typical controversial topics, and provide practical legal advice on the litigation procedure and system.

【关键词】刑事诉讼法；修正案草案；功能性分析；
【Key words】 criminal procedural law drafted amendment analysis on the functional character；

20 、如实回答与沉默权的功能主义分析与文化解释白冬（天津财经大学法学院）;
【摘要】如实回答与沉默权作为一项具体的法律制度属于"人造之物",具有特定的功能。从功能主义出发,梳理如实回答与沉默权在各自不同诉讼结构中的功能性作用,说明其影响诉讼结构之机理。如实回答与沉默权亦是"文化之物"。通过文化解释,剖析如实回答与沉默权所蕴含的价值判断,回答了决定二者废与立的决定性原因。功能主义分析与文化解释的相互补充性的阐释,解决"如何做"的问题。　
【Abstract】 Answering truthfully and the right to silence, as a specific legal system, belongs to the "man-made objects" and have a specific function. However, they are the product of culture in stead of any design objects. Functional analysis solves such a problem as what roles answering truthfully and the right to silence play in the lawsuit structure. Culture can explain value judgment that contains in answering truthfully and the right to silence. To "annul" or to "establish" answering truthfully and the right to silence ultimately depends on the cultural value judgment.

【关键词】如实回答；沉默权；功能分析；文化解释；
【Key words】 truthful answer the right to silence functionalism cultural interpretation；

21 、论被害人过错与刑法宽容龚义年（皖西学院政法学院）; 　
【摘要】任何形式的"犯罪———被害",无一不是被害人与犯罪人之间二元互动的结果。事实上,被害人通过其致害因素,直接或间接地、有意或无意地参与了与犯罪人之间的互动。可以说,所有的被害人都对自己的被害亦即犯罪的发生负有不同程度的责任。既然如此,那么在对犯罪人定罪量刑时,就应当考虑被害人的过错因素,对犯罪人给予适当宽容。　
【Abstract】 Any form of "crime-victim" is the result of interaction between the victim and the offender. In fact, the victim directly or indirectly, intentionally or unintentionally involved in the perpetrator’s interaction through its virulence factors. All the victims are victims of their crimes which bear varying degrees of responsibility. The criminal law should consider the fault of the victim, and give the offender appropriate tolerance.

【关键词】被害人过错；刑法；宽容；
【Key words】 victim′s fault criminal law Intolerance；

22 、论司法和谐的困境与前景:从法社会学角度吴永科（渤海大学经法学院）; 　
【摘要】本文从司法和谐的基本内容入手,论述了在当代我国经济、政治、社会全面发展的背景下,实现司法和谐的现实困境,即"特权文化"心理促使人们追求逃避法规的特权,泛行政化的权力结构不利于实现司法公正,社会利益冲突加剧使司法和谐变得困难,社会价值多元化让司法活动受到更多拷问,从法社会学角度展望了我国"司法和谐"的前景。　
【Abstract】 This article based on the content of justice harmony, analyzing the possibility and necessity and discoursing the difficulties of achieving justice harmony in contemporary Chinese economical, political and social development. The main difficulties are as follows: the psychology of "prerogative culture" encourages people to pursue the privilege of avoiding legal; pan-administration is bad for realizing judicatory impartiality; increasing conflicts of social benefit make justice harmony harder; multiple social values perplex judicial activity. This article also gives a outlook of justice harmony from the angle of legal social science.

【关键词】和谐社会；司法；法社会学；
【Key words】 harmonious society judicature social justice Law and Social Science；

23 、浅议能动司法的理论与实践刘政（南京理工大学人文社会科学研究院）; 　
【摘要】能动司法是在借鉴西方司法制度与考察我国国情的基础上形成的一种司法理念。由于其在提高司法效能、促进司法正义等方面的特殊作用,已经受到我国法学界和实务界的高度重视。本文通过在理论推导、实践需求、价值取向等方面的研究,对践行具有中国特色的适度的能动司法进行探析。　
【Abstract】 Active judicature is a judicial philosophy in reference to the western judicial system and based on China national conditions. Since it’s effectiveness in improving the judicial efficacy and promoting the judicial justice, active judicature has been highly concerned by China’s legal academics and practitioners. This paper try to make a research on the practice of moderate active judicature with Chinese characteristic by means of theoretical analysis, practical needs research and value orientation research.

【关键词】能动司法；实践需求；价值取向；模式选择；
【Key words】 active judicature practical needs value orientation；

24 、立法过程中专家咨询制度的多维面相郝战红（北京航天航空大学公共管理学院）; 　
【摘要】我国正处于全面建设小康社会的关键时期,利益多元化与利益失衡现象并存。如何有效地回应社会需求,避免立法疏误,提高立法品质,增强立法的正当性是立法主体必须面对的问题。专家咨询制度具有多维面相,从政治民主的角度看是立法民主的表现,从科学决策的角度看是立法科学的保证,从法治的角度看是立法合法的要求,从公共治理的角度看是立法正当的期待。全面认识和把握专家咨询制度的多维面相,有助于充分发挥其在立法过程中的功能和作用。　
【Abstract】 The interests of diversity and the interests of imbalances exist in Chinese critical period of building a moderately prosperous society. The legislature must face the problems of how to respond to the needs of society effectively, to avoid legislation sparse and error, to raise the quality of legislation, and to enhance the legitimacy of legislation. Expert consulting system have multi-dimensional image in the legislative process. Expert consulting system could forward the democratic legislative, ensure the scientific legislative, safeguard the legitimate legislative, and enhance the legitimacy of legislation. Only understand the multi-dimensional image of expert consulting system completely, could expert consulting system play more important role in the legislative process.

【关键词】立法过程；专家咨询；法治；正当性；
【Key words】 legislative process expert consulting system rule of law legitimacy；

25 、论应当赋予侵权债权在破产分配中以优先地位马东（西南政法大学）; 　
【摘要】 "三鹿"奶粉事件凸显在企业大规模侵权下在破产程序中赋予侵权债权普通债权人的地位具有不合理性。赋予侵权之债债权以普通债权的地位是对私法概念的曲解,违背了民商法公平正义的价值理念,不符合商法追求社会效益的价值诉求。基于此,应当赋予侵权之债在破产分配中以优先地位。　
【Abstract】 Sanlu milk power scandal makes it clear that it is unreasonable to give mass tort claims ordinary status in the bankruptcy proceedings. To give tort claims ordinary status is a misunderstanding of the concept of private law and a violation of justice and social efficiency values of civil and commercial law. To this end, tort claims should be given priority in the order of distribution in bankruptcy.

【关键词】概念的体系性；公平性；效益性；
【Key words】 systematic of concept justice efficiency；

26 、我国股票期权激励制度的法律问题研究张佩钰（贵州师范大学法学院）;
【摘要】股票期权制度作为近年来在西方国家行之有效的一种企业激励机制,在我国也得到了越来越广泛的运用。但由于相关法律制度的不完善、甚至空缺,我国大多数公司在这一制度的实施过程中遇到了各种问题。改变我国现有的公司资本制度,为建立"库存股"提供可操作性,并修改《公司法》与《证券法》中关于新股发行与股份回购的相关规定,是有待解决的首要问题之一;其次,将独立董事纳入激励对象范围,为激励对象提供更多行权资金来源渠道,有助于提高该制度的实施效果;最后,修改《税法》,给予股票期权制度更多税收优惠政策,更好地体现税法在调节该制度激励尺度和激励方向上的杠杆作用。　
【Abstract】 As a kind of effective incentive mechanism for enterprises in many western countries, stock option system has been utilized more and more in our country. But due to the deficiency or even the vacancy of the law, many corporations of our country encountered a series of problems in their practices. The chief important thing is changing the existing capital system and amending some related rules about issuing new stocks and recovering stocks of Corporation Law and Securities Law. Next, it helps to promote the implement effects that bring independent directors into incentive range and offer more source channels of funds. Finally, offer more preferential tax policies to stock option incentive system by amending Tax Law, and embody the lever function of tax law in adjusting the incentive scale and incentive orientation.

【关键词】股票期权；激励对象；立法完善；
【Key words】 stock option incentive object improvement of legislation；
　

27 、论网络著作权犯罪之“以营利为目的” 王燕玲（华南师范大学法学院）;
【摘要】进入网络时代,行为人侵犯著作权犯罪的目的趋向多样化。在网络空间中,"以营利为目的"的主观构成要件严重束缚了我国《刑法》的打击范围,对未经授权作品的非法复制、再现作品的数量和速度决定了必须废止"以营利为目的"这一主观要件。在我国现有的《刑法》规定和犯罪构成框架下,不应拘泥于传统的营利方式,而应当根据网络营利的特有模式进行具体的认定。　
【Abstract】 After entering the internet age, the purposes of the criminal copyright infringement tend to diversify. In cyberspace, the subjective components, "for profit", has severely constrained the effective scope of China criminal law. The great amount and the speed of unauthorized illegal copying of works and reproductive works determines that the subjective element, "for profit", shall be abolished. The traditional way of judging "profit" shall not be followed under the current criminal law and crime constitution. A unique model shall be taken to specifically identify the "for profit" element according to the unique model of internet profit-making.

【关键词】网络著作权犯罪；营利为目的；废止；
【Key words】 network copyright crime for profit repeal；
　
28 、对海上格式条款立法规制的完善李兆良（武汉大学国际法研究所）; 　
【摘要】大量存在的海上格式条款在促进海上交易、提高效率的同时,引起交易方权利义务不平衡等许多问题。《海商法》对海上格式条款的规制不够完善。通过对海上格式条款存在的必然性、立法规制缺陷等的分析,可以明晰完善海上格式条款立法规制的意义,提出完善立法规制的具体建议。　
【Abstract】 While promoting marine transactions, improving efficiency, the large number of existing marine standard terms causes many problems such as the imbalance of rights and obligations among the concerned parties. China’s Maritime Code has some regulations on marine standard terms, however, it needs to be perfected. From the analysis of the necessity for the marine standard terms to exist, the current situation and defect of legislative regulations on the marine standard terms, this article expounds the significance to perfect the legislative regulations on the marine standard terms and puts forward some suggestions to perfect them.

【关键词】海上格式条款；立法规制；完善；
【Key words】 marine standard terms legislative regulation perfection；

29 、美国企业并购中涉税影响的评介孙晓妍（天津财经大学商学院）; 　
【摘要】合理的企业并购战略既重新配置经济中存量资源,促进经济发展,还是企业经营迈向成功的契机。随着我国海内外并购活动的日趋活跃,税收已经成为影响企业并购形式、交易成本等方面的重要因素,但并未引起国内学者的重视。本文主要依据美国《国内税收法典》、《1986年税收改革法案》,简要综述国外学者对美国企业并购中涉税问题的研究成果,阐明税收因素对美国企业并购的重要影响,为我国企业并购提供借鉴,也为国内并购交易的税收法规研究提供新的思路。　
【Abstract】 Reasonable enterprise M&A strategy can not only rearrange economic stock resources to promote economic development, but also is the opportunity makes enterprise business successful. When China’s domestic and overseas M&A transactions are becoming increasingly active, tax factors have simultaneously become important factors that can affect M&A structures and trade cost and other aspects, which cannot be neglected. However, it still did not cause the attention of our scholars. This paper based on The Internal Revenue Code of U.S.A., reviews briefly foreign studies on tax subject of American enterprise M&A, which can expound the research results of the tax factors are the material influence on American enterprise M&A, provides references for domestic M&A and new ideas for study of domestic M&A on tax regulations

【关键词】企业并购；税收规定；影响评介；
【Key words】 enterprise M&A； tax regulations； influence review & commentaries；

30 、比较刑事诉讼法的研究进路:从划分模式到探求共性印波（北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究所）;
【摘要】目前在世界范围内刑事诉讼法比较研究的主流进路是划分刑事诉讼程序模式。达马斯卡的审问/对抗模式和阶层/同位模式是这种进路的代表。唯模式论者往往关注刑事诉讼程序的差异而忽视它们的相似之处。本文参考英格拉姆对于不同法域刑事诉讼程序共性的探讨,提出比较刑事诉讼法还应采用探求共性的进路,寻求相互理解的比较。内容提要:目前在世界范围内刑事诉讼法比较研究的主流进路是划分刑事诉讼程序模式。达马斯卡的审问/对抗模式和阶层/同位模式是这种进路的代表。唯模式论者往往关注刑事诉讼程序的差异而忽视它们的相似之处。本文参考英格拉姆对于不同法域刑事诉讼程序共性的探讨,提出比较刑事诉讼法还应采用探求共性的进路,寻求相互理解的比较。　
【Abstract】 At present, the mainstream approach to comparative criminal procedure is to divide criminal procedure models. This approach is represented by inquisitorial/adversarial model-divides and hierarchical/coordinate model-divides created by Damaka. The followers of this approach usually look at the divergences between different criminal procedures rather than the similarities. This thesis will make reference to the commonalities amongst criminal procedures in different jurisdictions studied by Ingraham. I intend to propose that an approach of exploring commonalities should be used for comparative criminal procedure. By means of this approach, a comparison with mutual understanding between different systems can be sought.

【关键词】比较刑事诉讼法；研究进路；划分模式；探求共性；
【Key words】 comparative criminal procedure approach dividing models seeking commonalities；

31 、北京市机动车排污权交易机制初探李姗姗;罗薇（中国人民大学法学院）; 　
【摘要】与传统的行政管理和排污收费模式相比,排污权交易模式在治理环境污染中具有突出的优势。机动车排污交易机制的运行应在综合性的环境治理模式中发挥自己的特殊作用,最终实现机动车市场与大气环境保护的协调可持续发展。北京市机动车排污权交易面临着一些困难,我们应通过出台政策和试点的方式循序渐进地探索和建立机动车排污权交易机制。　
【Abstract】 Compared with the traditional models of the administrative management and the pollution charges, the emission trading institution has the prominent advantages in the treatment of the environmental pollution. The emission trading institution for the motor vehicles will play an important role in the comprehensive environmental improvement models and contribute to the sustainable development of the motor markets and the atmospheric environment protection. First, the author explores the emission trading policies, the legislation and the practice, and then discusses the difficulties faced by the emission trading institution for the motor vehicles in Beijing. At last,the author makes a suggestion that the institution should be founded in a gradual way and the government could introduce the policies and set up pilot projects at the initial stage.

【关键词】排污权；排污权交易；机动车排污权交易；
【Key words】 emission right the emission trading the emission trading for the motor vehicles；

日期：2012-7-24 14:55:11 | 关闭 | 分享到：