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《法学论坛》2012年第三期目录与摘要
http://www.law-lib.com 2012-7-26 14:49:47 来源：中国法学会网
1.论新《刑事诉讼法》中的判决前财产没收程序（陈卫东 中国人民大学 法学院，北京 100872）
摘要：2012年3月14日，十一届全国人民代表大会第五次会议审议通过了《关于修改〈中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法〉的决定》，在特别程序一章增设了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序。但该程序在修改过程中和新法颁布后都引起了一些质疑，其中最大的疑问就是犯罪嫌疑人、被告人未经人民法院审判，其财产即被没收是否有违《刑法》和《刑事诉讼法》“未经人民法院依法判决，对任何人不得确定有罪”的基本原则。回应上述疑问的关键在于从法理层面厘清概念、归纳特点并界定性质，这样我们才能准确理解和适用该程序。
关键词：新刑事诉讼法；判决前财产没收程序；民事没收；刑事没收
On the Confiscation without Trial in New Criminal Procedure Law
Author& unit:CHEN Weidong(law Schook,People’s University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
Abstract：In 14th, March, 2012, the decision on revising the criminal procedure law of the People''s Republic of China was approved by the fifth session of the eleventh National People’s Congress, which added the procedure of confiscation of illegal gains in cases where the suspects and defendants are escaped or died. However, it has aroused widespread doubts during the revision and after the publication of the new law. The biggest question is whether the basic principle of “Prior to a judgment rendered by the people''s court according to law, no one may be convicted of guilty.” in criminal procedure law and criminal law is violated because the properties of suspect and defendant are confiscated without trial by the people’s court. The author believes the key to response the question raised above is distinguishing the concept, inducing the characteristics and defining the property of the procedure, which helps us understand and apply to it accurately.
Key words：The new criminal procedure law； Confiscation Without Trial； Civil Asset Forfeiture, criminal Asset Forfeiture
2.适用监视居住措施的合法性与公正性（李建明 南京师范大学 法学院，江苏南京 210046）
摘要：监视居住属于非羁押性强制措施，对于被监视居住的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人只能限制人身自由，而不能剥夺人身自由。监视居住有其独特的功能和价值，但必须严格遵守适用的条件和程序。违法采用监视居住措施，可能使监视居住成为变相的羁押措施，并为刑讯逼供的实施提供便利。为此，检察机关应当强化对于监视居住决定与执行的法律监督。
监视居住；非羁押性措施；刑事强制措施；刑事诉讼法修改
The Legitimacy and Fairness of the Application of Residential Surveillance Measures
Author&unit:LI Jianming(Law School, Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210046,China) Abstract：Residential surveillance is a non-custodial coercive measures .To the suspect and the defendant who was placed under surveillance, can only be restricted the personal freedom, not be deprived the personal freedom. Residential surveillance has its own unique features and value, but must strictly comply with the applicable conditions and procedures. Illegal residential surveillance measures may become a disguised form of detention measures, and to facilitate the implementation of torture. To this end, the procuratorial organs should strengthen the supervision of the decision and implementation of residential surveillance law.
Key words：residential surveillance; non-custodial measures;criminal compulsory measures; the modify of Code of Criminal Procedure
3.现行犯案件的初查措施：反思性研究——以新《刑事诉讼法》第117条对传唤、拘传的修改为切入（周长军 山东大学 法学院，山东济南 250100）
摘要：适应公安机关办理现行犯案件的现实需要，我国新《刑事诉讼法》第117条增设了对现行犯的口头传唤措施，但存在一定的问题。由于立法的科学性不足，当下实践中，现行犯案件中初查措施的适用乱象纷呈。现行犯案件初查中强制措施的适用既具有现实必要性，也具有理论正当性。应当将现行犯的立案程序独立设置，同时修改拘留制度，以明确被口头传唤或者无证拘留后的现行犯的犯罪嫌疑人身份，解决紧随其后的讯问行为的合法性以及讯问笔录的证据效力，消除“先侦后立”的现象。
关键词：现行犯；初查；强制措施；传唤；立案
The Preliminary Investigation Measures for Flagrante Delicto Cases: A Reflective Study——an angle from the newly modified Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act regarding subpoena and issue a warrant
Author & unit:ZHOU Changjun(Law School,Shandong University,Jinan Shandong 250100,China)
Abstract：In order to reflect to the practical needs of the public security organs in flagrante delicto cases, Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Act has been modified to impose the oral summoned measures in flagrante delicto cases, however, problems remained. Due to lack of the scientific nature of the legislation, the current practice of preliminary investigation measures in flagrante delicto cases appeared to be chaotic. Applying the compulsory measures in flagrante delicto cases at the early investigation stage are both realistic and theoretically legitimate. It should set up an independent procedure for flagrante delicto cases and at the same time modify the detention system. In doing so, the identity of the flagrante delicto suspects summoned by the oral or undocumented in the detention would be clear. It would also help to address the legality of the interrogation transcripts followed by questioning and eliminating the phenomenon of “investigation first after filing a case.”
Key words：flagrante delicto; preliminary investigation; compulsory measures; subpoena; filing a case
4.论“不强迫自证其罪”条款的解释与适用——《刑事诉讼法》解释的策略与技术（万 毅 四川大学 法学院，四川成都 610064）
摘要：修正后的《刑事诉讼法》第50条明确规定“不得强迫任何人证实自己有罪”，但是，关于该条款究竟是否赋予了被追诉人沉默权，理论界和实务界产生了认识上的分歧，由此导致“不强迫自证其罪”条款在我国司法实务中的运作前景存在一定的模糊性，其立法效果有待观察。在司法实务中正确适用“不强迫自证其罪”条款，关键是坚持运用正确的法律解释方法。
关键词：不强迫自证其罪；沉默权；法律解释；如实陈述
On the Explanation of the Against Self-incrimination:the Strategy and Skill of the Explanation of Criminal Procedure Law
Author & unit:WAN Yi(Law School,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610064,China)
Abstract：In the Article No.50 of the latest Criminal procedure law provides that self-incrimination is prohibited.However,wether it grants the Right to be silence for the defendant has arose a discussion between practical and academic fields.Thus, uncertain factors may appear in the prospects of operation of the Article No.50 in judicial practice,and so does its legislative effect.
Key words：against self-incrimination；right to silence;explanation of law;true statement duty
5.监护人责任若干争议问题探讨（刘保玉 北京航空航天大学 法学院，北京 100191）
摘要：我国《侵权责任法》第32条第1款确立了监护人责任适用无过错责任原则，并设有责任减轻事由；该条第2款不涉及归责原则问题，仅关涉有财产的被监护人与其监护人之间如何支付赔偿费用的内部关系；该条的两款规定，形成了“外部、内部关系区分”的体系构造。在关涉被监护人致人损害的数人侵权中，数个致害人的监护人之间及其监护人与其他责任主体之间形成的责任形态难以统一规定，应区分不同的责任主体并结合侵权类型具体认定。由于我国立法上未承认限制行为能力人和无行为能力人的侵权责任能力，故在被监护人致人损害的情况下，其责任主体是监护人，而非被监护人；在监护人责任纠纷诉讼中，应单列监护人为被告。
监护人责任；归责原则；体系构造；责任形态；诉讼主体
On Several Issues related to Liability for Guardian
Author & unit:LIU Baoyu (Law school，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China)
Abstract：The first clause of Article 32 in the Tort Liability Law of P. R. China provides that the imputative principle of liability for guardian is no-fault liability which has a special extenuating circumstance; the second clause of this article merely focuses on the internal relationship the payment for compensation expenditure, which does not involve the imputative principle of liability. Consequently the systematic structure of these two clauses of the above article is to “the distinction between external and internal relationship”. It almost cannot make a unified regulation about the liability form among several guardians and ‘the guardian and other subject of liability’ in the multiple-parties torts and it should make specific decisions in terms of different subjects of liability; the civil defendant in the case of the liability for guardian should be the guardian.
Key words：liability for guardian; imputative principle of liability; systematic structure; apportionment of liability; subjects of lawsuit
6.教唆人、帮助人责任与监护人责任（杨立新 中国人民大学 民商事法律科学研究中心，北京 100872）
摘要：教唆人、帮助人教唆、帮助无民事行为能力人或者限制民事行为能力人实施侵权行为，其责任与教唆、帮助完全民事行为能力人实施侵权行为不同，原因在于多数教唆人或者帮助人与监护人的未尽监护责任行为构成共同侵权行为，其责任形态为单向连带责任。在法律适用中，规定教唆人、帮助人责任与监护人责任的《侵权责任法》第9条第2款和该法第32条是特殊规则与一般规则的关系。
关键词：教唆人；帮助人；无民事行为能力人；限制民事行为能力人；监护人；单向连带责任
Liability of Instigator or Assistant and Liability of Guardian
Author & unit:YANG Lixin(Research Center of Civil and Commercial Jurisprudence， Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872,China)
Abstract：The liability of someone who instigates or assists a person without capacity for civil act or with limited capacity for civil act to engage in tortious conduct is different from that of someone who instigates or assists a person with full capacity for civil act to engage in tortious conduct. The reason is that mostly the conduct of an instigator or assistant and the conduct of a guardian constitute joint tort, which means the modality of liability is unilateral joint and several liability. In the matter of application of Tort Liability Law of P.R.C., the relation between Article 9:2 which stipulates the liability of instigator or assistant and the liability of guardian and Article 32 can be described as the relation between special rules and general rules.
Key words：Instigator; Assistant; Persons without Capacity for Civil Act; Persons with Limited Capacity for Civil Act; Guardian; Unilateral Joint and Several Liability
7.监护人责任的归责原则及其适用争点解析（孙瑞玺 山东达洋律师事务所，山东东营 257064）
摘要：我国《侵权责任法》第32条关于监护人责任的规定，是在承袭《民法通则》第133条规定的基础上经修改而成。该条第1款的归责原则是一种有减责抗辩事由的无过错责任；第2款既未确定所谓监护人的补充责任形态，也未确立所谓公平责任形态，其与归责原则无涉，而属于例外规定性质的条款；该条第1款确定了监护人责任的一般原则，第2款则是针对第1款的特殊的例外规定。在涉及监护人侵权责任的诉讼中可以直接列监护人为被告。
监护人责任；归责原则；减责的抗辩事由
Analysis on Guardian Liability Imputation Principle and Application Point of Contention
Author & unit:SUN Ruixi(Shandong da yang law firm,Dongying Shandong 257064，China)
Abstract：Our country“tort law” article 32 on the guardian’s liability provisions in the general principles of the civil law “inherited” article 133 regulation based modified into. The paragraph 1 of the principle of imputation is a reduced liability defenses of no-fault liability; second did not define the so-called Guardian liability modality, and the establishment of the so-called equitable liability form, and the imputation principle of neutrality,and belongs to the nature of the exceptions clause;paragraph 1determined the guardian [JP2]responsibilities general principles,second to first of this special exceptions.In relation to the guardian’s [JP]tort liability litigation can be directly classified guardian for the defendant.
Key words：the guardian''s liability； liability principle； reduced liability defenses
8.现代买卖法瑕疵概念的考察（杜景林 对外经济贸易大学 外语学院，北京 100029）
摘要：现代买卖法之瑕疵担保责任规则应当将瑕疵概念作为出卖人责任的法律技术连结点，同时扩展瑕疵概念内涵，使其在性能协议的基础上，补充适用辅助性的兜底规则，以此将瑕疵安装、异类物交付和过少交付一并纳入到瑕疵概念之下。保留权利瑕疵的概念，但相应地适用物之瑕疵规则，以此实现法律效果方面的统一。无论物之瑕疵还是权利瑕疵，均统一地以危险移转为准据时点，也就是通常以交付为准据时点。
关键词：买卖法；瑕疵；性能协议；异类物交付；准据时点
Defects in Warranty in Modern Law of Sale
Author & unit:DU Jinglin (University of International Business & Economics, Beijing 100029, China)
Abstract：Warranty-rules in modern law of sale should induct defects as connect-point for seller-liability, extent defects, so that based on quality-agreement, man applies subsidiary rules, simultaneous, man puts defective montage, aliud-delivery and less-delivery into defects. Man retains defects in title, corresponding applies rules for defects, in order to standardize legal consequences. In case of all defects, time for passage of risk is reference-time, also usually time for delivery.
Key words：defects;quality-agreement;aliud-delivery;reference-time;law of sale
9.控制下交付案件中犯罪既遂与未遂的认定——以贩卖毒品罪为研究对象（陈京春 西北政法大学 刑事法学院，陕西西安 710063）
摘要：贩卖毒品罪是抽象危险犯。控制下交付对于贩卖毒品罪的犯罪停止形态产生影响。在控制下交付的案件中，应区别有害的控制下交付与无害的控制下交付，具体认定卖方和买方犯罪行为的停止形态，不应一律认定为犯罪既遂。
关键词：控制下交付；贩卖毒品罪；犯罪未遂
Subject:Identification of Attempted Crime and Accomplished Crime in Controlled Delivery Cases
Author & unit:CHEN Jingchun(Northwest university of Politics & Law,Xi''an Shaanxi 710063，China)
Abstract：Drug trafficking is abstract Dangerous crime. Controlled delivery used in drug trafficking cases affect the identification of criminal cessation pattern.In the controlled delivery cases,the difference should be distinguished between harmful controlled delivery and harmless controlled delivery, in order to identify the criminal cessation pattern of seller and the buyer.
Key words：controlled delivery;attempted crime;drug trafficking
10.权利外“行为自由”的规制（肖泽晟 南京大学 法学院，江苏南京 210093）
摘要：我国因缺乏对基本权利的权威解释，以致目前出现了因禁乞、限制设置室外可见的室内广告等引发的行政合法性危机。基于我国国情，我们无法照搬西方宪政的经验，而只能创造出“权利外行为自由”的概念，将不为法律限制也不受法律保护的行为纳入其中。这样的自由对国家权力仅具弱拘束力。根据对我国《宪法》文本的学理解释，国家有权对权利外行为自由进行规制，但对不具负外部性的行为和不具规制必要性的行为，国家不得规制。为保障规制权不被滥用，规制主体有义务作出让公众信服的理由说明，确保不存在“多数人的偏见”和“少数人的偏见”。
关键词：基本权利；行为自由；规制；公共利益；风险
Subject:Regulation on Behavior Freedom Outside in the Right
Author& unit:XIAO Zesheng(Law School,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210093,China)Abstract：For lack of authentic interpretation of the fundamental right in China, there are crises about administrative legality aroused by banning begging, restricting outdoor visible indoor advertisement, and etc. Considering China’s national conditions, we cannot copy western constitutionalism experience, and can only create a “behavior freedom outside in the right”, which is used to protect those behavior neither received legal restrictions also not protected by law. This kind of freedom can only binding the state power weakly. According to the academic interpretation on the text of Chinese constitution, State has the power to regulate behavior freedom outside in the right, but may not regulate those behavior which do not have negative externalities and necessity to be regulated. In order to ensure the regulatory power not to be misused, regulatory authority have the obligation to provide the public with convincing reasons, ensure that there are no “most people prejudice”and “minority prejudice”.
Key words：fundamental right;behavior freedom;regulation;public interest;risk
11.民事诉讼案件事实误认之预防机制研究（张海燕 山东大学 法学院，山东济南 250100）
摘要：民事诉讼案件事实的误认不仅直接关系到当事人的权利和义务，而且还间接损害着整个诉讼制度的正当性，甚至成为影响我国当下社会和谐稳定的一个重要因素，因此，对于民事诉讼案件事实误认预防机制的研究便显得尤为必要和重要。要建构有效的民事诉讼案件事实误认预防机制，应当从三个层面入手：一是保障裁判者认定案件事实理性思维进路的有序进行；二是有效导控裁判者非理性因素对案件事实认定的影响；三是完善裁判者认定案件事实的外在程序配置。
关键词：民事诉讼；案件事实；误认；预防机制
Subject:On the Prevention System of Wrong Fact-finding in Civil Action
Author & unit:ZHANG Haiyan (Law School, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong 250100, China)
Abstract：Wrong fact-finding in civil action not only relates directly to the rights and liabilities of both parties, bust also indirectly damages the legitimacy of the whole civil procedure system, and even influences the harmony and stability of our current society. Then, it becomes very necessary and important to study how to prevent the phenomenon of wrong fact-finding in civil action. The prevention system of wrong fact-finding should be constructed from three aspects. One is safeguarding the judges’ rational thinking process of fact-finding to proceed orderly. Two is validly guiding and controlling the influence from the judges’ irrational personalities on the fact-finding. Three is improving the external ensuring mechanism of procedure during the course of judges’ fact-finding.
Key words：civil action; judicial fact; wrong fact-finding; prevention system
12.行政诉讼中“诉的利益”（王珂瑾 山东政法学院 法学院，山东济南 250014）
摘要：诉的利益是诉讼法学中一个非常重要的概念，是指当事人在其利益受到不利影响时，寻求司法救济的必要性。诉的利益理论不仅应在防止原告滥用诉权、避免被告无端应诉和避免司法资源浪费方面发挥消极作用；更应当在权利生成方面发挥其积极作用。诉的利益的认定标准问题实际上是一个利益衡量问题。诉的利益的范围直接影响法院的主管范围、原告资格以及诉讼类型等诸多问题。
关键词：行政诉讼；诉的利益；认定标准；利益范围
Subject:Interest of Action of Administrative Litigation
Author & unit:WANG Kejin（Shandong University of Political Science and Law,Jinan Shandong,250014，China）
Abstract：AS an important concept in procedural law, interest of action means the necessity of the party seeking judicial relief when his interests are adversely affected. Interest of action should not only play a negative role in preventing abuse of the plaintiff’s complaint, eliminating the respondent’s unwarranted appear and avoiding the waste of judicial resources, but also should play an active role in right building. The standard setting of interest of action is actually an issue of interest measurement. The extent of interest of action has direct impact on competence of court, plaintiff qualifications, types of proceedings and many other issues.
Key words：administrative proceedings；interest of action；standard setting；extent of interest
13.劳动法调整对象再认识与劳动法学科重构（常 凯 中国人民大学 劳动人事学院，北京 100872）
摘要：随着中国劳动关系集体化转型的发生，劳动法的调整对象也由以往主要局限于个别劳动关系调整，转变为以个别劳动关系调整为基础，以集体劳动关系调整为主线，以社会劳动关系调整为目标。规范的市场经济下劳动法的作用，是从个别劳动关系的从属性出发，通过集体劳动关系的对等性，来实现社会劳动关系的协调性。与中国劳动关系和劳动法治的集体化转型相适应，中国劳动法学科理论基础和结构体系也需重构，构建一个以个别劳动关系调整为基础、以集体劳动关系调整为中心的新的劳动法学科体系，已经成为中国劳动法学科发展的当务之急。
关键词：劳动关系集体化转型；劳动法调整对象；劳动法体系重构
Subject:Rethinking Adjustment Object of Labor Law and Reconstruction of the Course of Labor Law
Author & unit:CHANG Kai（School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China，Beijing 100872,China）
Abstract：With the advent of collectivized transformation of labor relation in China, the adjustment object of labor law shifted from the adjustment mainly upon individualized relationship to adapting for collective labor relations as the main body based on adjusting individual labor relation in pursuit of adapting for social labor relations. The role of labor law in a normative market economy starts from the subordination of individual labor relations to achieve the coordination of the social labor relations by striking the balance of the collective labor relations. Being compatible with the collectivized transformation of labor relations and labor law in China, the theoretical foundation and academic system of the Chinese Labor Law as a course is subject to reconstruction. It is of top priority to construct a new academic system of Labor Law focusing on adapting for collective labor relations on the basis of adjustment on individual labor relations.
Key words：collectivized transformation of labor relations;adjustment object of the labor law;reconstruction of the system of labor law
14.法律理性与法律的技术化（周少华 东南大学 法学院，江苏南京 211189）
摘要：现代法律制度的每一个建构性要素及其运作过程的每一个环节，都表现出很强的技术性特征，这使得法律成为一种典型的社会技术。法律技术铸成了法律的确定性，使法律规范系统化；它划定了行为合法与不法的界限，使人们对自己的行为后果更有预期。可以说，技术化是法律理性在形式方面最重要的表现，而实践的特点决定了理性必然是形式理性与实质理性的统一，作为法律价值的载体和法律目的的支持系统，法律技术本身也是法治的基本条件之一。因此，法律的技术性特征及其意义应当受到重视，法律技术的功能也有待于我们加以深入地研究。
关键词：法律理性；社会控制；社会技术
Subject:Legal Rationality and Legal Technology
Author & unit:ZHOU Shaohua(School of law, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu 211189， China)
Abstract：Every construct element and every operational tache of the modern legal system shows strong technical characteristic, which makes the law to become a typical social technology. Legal technology induces legal certainty and the systematization of legal norms, delimits the boundary between legality and illegality. The technology is the most important manifestation of legal rationality, and the legal rationality must be the unity of formal rationality and essential rationality, and as the carrier of legal value and the support of legal purpose, it should be the basic condition of nomocracy. Therefore, the technical characteristic and significance of the law should be taken seriously, and the function of legal technology needs also an in-depth study.
Key words：legal rationality; social control; social technology
15.债权类民间融资演化为犯罪的制度动因及其防范（汪丽丽 山西财经大学 法学院，山西太原 030006）
摘要：各地民间借贷风波与非法集资类案件的频发日益困扰着我国民间金融制度的正常发展，继而影响到中国金融体制改革的进程。对于这种内生性的融资行为缘何转化为犯罪行为，厘清其界限，并进行制度分析显得尤为重要。金融抑制政策、法律规定的不健全、法律责任体系的不完善等一系列制度诱因，导致中小企业融资难、民间资本投资渠道的不畅通，继而从外部诱发不正当民间融资行为的产生。故而，需要明确民间融资的法律地位、厘清监管边界、健全法律责任体系，从制度上变打击为预防。
关键词：民间融资；非法集资；制度动因
Subject:The Analysis of Institutional Reason and Prevention from the Private Finace to Illegal Fund-Rasing Crime
Author & unit:WANG Lili (Shanxi University of Finance and Economy, Taiyuan Shanxi 030006,China)
Abstract：China private finance system’s normal development is troubled by the constant expansion of private loan and illegal fund-raising, thereby affecting China’s financial reform process. For the endogenous financing acts, why translating into criminal behavior, clarifying their boundaries and institutional analysis are particularly important. A series of institutional incentives, financial repression policy, the law’s imperfect, imperfect liability system, led to SMEs financing’ difficult, and that private capital investment channels are not blocked, then cause improper private financing behavior generation from external. Therefore, clearing the legal status of private finance, clarifying the regulatory boundary, and improving the liability system, it would become more critical from the combat system to prevention.
Key words：private finance;illegal fund-raising;institutional reason
16.前构成要件行为概念之提倡——兼评可罚违法性理论和我国《刑法》第13条但书规定
（杨 柳 东南大学 法学院，江苏南京 211189）
摘要：前构成要件行为是指尚未进入刑法评价的行为，是刑法评价的对象。前构成要件行为具有行为性和法益侵害性两大特征，由行为人、行为、行为对象以及法益四个要素予以体现。前构成要件行为的功能在于将法益侵害轻微的行为排除在刑法评价对象之外，并且区分了刑法评价对象和刑法评价本身。因此，前构成要件行为实质上发挥了三阶层理论中可罚违法性的机能，并且暗合了我国《刑法》第13条但书的规定，避免了其在犯罪论体系上的弊病，因而具有重要的理论和现实意义。
关键词：前构成要件行为；刑法评价对象；刑法评价；可罚违法性
Subject:Advocating the concept of former behavior of the consisting elements ——Comment penalty illegal Theory and the Criminal Law 13 but the book
Author & unit:YANG Liu( Law school of Southeast University，Nanjing Jiangsu 211189，China)
Abstract：The former elements behavior what is not yet entered the criminal law assessment. It is the object of the evaluation of criminal law. It have two major features:behavioral and infringement the legal interest. It is reflected by the four elements of human behavior, behavior, the object of conduct and legal interests. The function of the former elements behavior is excluded from the evaluation of the object of criminal law outside the legal interests against minor acts, and the distinction between criminal law evaluation of the object and the criminal law of the evaluation itself. Therefore, the former elements behavior is essentially play in three sectors of the theory can be fined the illegal nature of the function, and coincident with the provisions of the Criminal Law 13, but the book, to avoid the shortcomings in the criminal system, and it has important theoretical and practical significance.
Key words：The former elements behavior; the object of Criminal law evaluation; Criminal law evaluation; Illegality can be fined
17.法治时代的解释主义之争——以陈金钊与范进学之间有关法律解释问题的争论为分析对象（王国龙 西北政法大学，陕西西安 710063）
摘要：发生在陈金钊和范进学之间有关法律解释问题的争论，扩及到对诸多相关法律理论问题上的争论。双方秉持各自“反对解释”抑或“如何解释”的立场，从对“法治反对解释”命题的“真/假”之争不断地上升到对相关法律解释学的学科属性之争、司法观之争、法律观之争以及法治观之争等。无论是主张守法主义的法律意识形态，还是主张能动主义的法律意识形态，实际上，法治时代同时需要这两种不同的声音。
关键词：反对解释；如何解释；法治；法律意识形态
Subject:A Debate about Legal Interpretation in the Era of the Rule of Law
Author & unit:WANG Guolong（North-west University of Politic Science and Law, Xi’an
Shaanxi 710063，China）
Abstract：The debate about legal interpretation between Chen Jin-zhao and Fan Jin-xue involves so many divergences in legal theory. Both insist on themselves’ “resisting interpretation” or “how to interpret”, the queries arise from the “true or false” to the topic of“Rule of Law Resisting Interpretation”, to the nature of legal interpretation, the view of law, the nature of justice and the view of Rule of Law. In fact, between the Legalism and the Activism, the era of Rule of Law needs both.
Key words：resisting interpretation; how to interpret; Rule of Law; legal ideology
18.论我国立法后评估启动的常态化（陈书全中国海洋大学 法政学院，山东青岛 266100）
摘要：一项新制度能否持续开展并加以制度化，既取决于立法主体的共同认可和支持，也有赖于规范化启动程序的保障。立法后评估的推行不应当是立法机关临时性有选择地挑选某一部法律法规的“试检”，而应当是以法确立的常态化制度。基于有效期制度的立法后评估启动与基于评估预警期的立法后评估启动有机衔接、相互配合，可以有效避免、克服立法后怠于评估和立法后评估随意启动的弊端，从而保障立法后评估启动的常态化。
关键词：立法后评估；日落条款；预警期限；常态化
Subject:Study on the Normalization Startup of the After-legislation Assessment
Author & unit:CHEN Shuquan(Law and Politics School, Ocean University of China, Qingdao Shandong 266100,China)
Abstract：Whether a new system could be carried out continuously and be institutionalized, which depends on the legislative subjects’ common recognition and support, also the security of the regular startup process. The implementation of the after-legislation assessment should not be tested by the legislatures who choose a law and a regulation temporarily and optionally, but should be a long-term and normal institution established by laws. The starting mechanisms of after-legislation assessment based on the period of validity and the warning period can avoid effectively the weakness of failing to evaluate or starting the evaluation randomly.
Key words：after-legislation assessment; sunset clause; warning deadline; normalization
19.美国农业合作社的形态法定化及其启示（卢代富，谭贵华 西南政法大学 经济法学院，重庆 401120）
摘要：在美国，农业合作社是农场主为了满足自身生存发展的需要，在借鉴欧洲合作社尤其是罗虚代尔公平先锋社先进经验的基础上，探索和创造出来的一种组织形态；这种组织形态最初并未体现于法律中。及至20世纪初期以后，在寻求农业合作社反垄断豁免及税收优惠的过程中，经由制定法和判例法的合力，农业合作社逐步实现了形态法定化，并在法律的助推下得以进一步勃兴。美国农业合作社形态法定化的实践给我们提供了如下启示：应重视并充分运用法律手段来提升农民合作经济组织的绩效；农民合作经济组织法律制度的确立应积极回应实践中的制度创新；我国农业反垄断豁免的主体界定可借鉴美国的成功经验。
关键词：美国农业合作社；农民合作经济组织；组织形态；法定化；农业反垄断豁免
Subject:The Process of Delimiting the Forms of Agricultural Cooperatives through Statutes in the U.S. and Its Inspirations
Author & unit:LU Daifu，TAN Guihua（Economic Law School，Southwest University of Political Science and Law，Chongqing 401120，China）
Abstract：In the United States, agricultural cooperative is a type of organizational form, created and explored by farmers in order to survive and develop, and also based on the experience of cooperatives in Europe, in particular, the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers Society. This type of organizational form initially was not regulated by law. Until the early 20th century and later, in the process of seeking antitrust dispensation and tax preferences, agricultural cooperative''s forms have been gradually delimited through statutes and case law. Based on this, the agricultural cooperatives experienced further vigorous rising, which can still be witnessed today. Therefrom, we can gain inspirations as follows: to fully value and utilize legal systems so as to promote the performance of cooperative economic organizations of farmers; to found legal systems for cooperative economic organizations of farmers in energetic response to institutional innovations in practice; to draw lessons from the U.S. experience in a proper way when delimiting subjects and seeking antitrust immunity.
Key words：agricultural cooperatives in the U.S.；cooperative economic organizations of farmers; forms of organization；the statutory process of statutory；agricultural immunity from antitrust
20.中国专利创造性条件的改进建议（管荣齐 天津工业大学 文法学院，天津 300387）
摘要：创造性、新颖性、实用性是专利授权的三个实质条件，其中尤以创造性最主观、最难以把握。创造性在美国称为“非显而易见性”，在欧洲称为“创造性步骤”，在日本称为“进步性”，其意义基本相同。而在我国，“创造性”由两部分构成：一是“突出的实质性特点”，等同于“非显而易见性”，其构成要素之一是“现有技术”。为了有效防止垃圾专利泛滥，建议对“现有技术”做出最大范围的认定；二是“显著的进步”，体现为“有益的技术效果”，形式上看似中国专利创造性条件比其他国家更高，而实际上这是专利实用性条件的主要内涵。为了简化创造性的审查，建议我国在专利创造性条件中取消对“显著的进步”的要求。
关键词：专利；创造性；非显而易见性
Subject:Recommendations for Improvement of Patent Creativity in China
Author & unit:GUAN Rongqi(School of Humanities and laws, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China)
Abstract：Creativity, Novelty, Practicality are three substantive conditions for patent licensing, among which Creativity is especially most subjective, most difficult to grasp. Creativity is called “Non-Obviousness” in the United States, “Inventive Step” in Europe or “Progressive” in Japan, which meanings are basically the same. In China, Creativity consists of two parts: one is “Prominent Substantive Features”, which is equivalent to “Non-Obviousness”; the other is “Significant Progress”, which reflects “Beneficial Technical Effects”. As one of the elements of “Prominent Substantive Features”, “Prior Art” is recommended to be identified in maximum range in order to effectively prevent garbage patents flooding. In form Creativity in China appears higher than those in other countries, but in fact “Beneficial Technical Effects” is the main connotation of patent Practicality condition. In order to simplify Creativity review, it is recommended to cancel the requirement of “Significant Progress” in Creativity in China.
Key words：patent; creativity; non-obviousness
21.论《欧盟运行条约》第102条在知识产权领域的扩大适用——以阿斯利康公司诉欧盟委员会一案为视角（尹雪萍 华东政法大学 国际法学院，上海 200042）
摘要：自由竞争和知识产权保护是现代国家建立和完善市场经济制度，保护消费者利益的两把利剑。以往判例所确立的原则是欧盟竞争法在特殊情形下被有限的适用于知识产权行使过程中的某些行为，竞争法的适用通常要满足非常严格的条件。而在新近作出的一份判决中，欧盟普通法院首次将《欧盟运行条约》第102条①适用于知识产权的申请行为，而且在适用过程中，明显放宽适用条件。这种在知识产权领域扩大适用竞争规则的行为有损知识产权法律体系的独立性，而且在今后类似案件中也不具有较强的可操作性，其仅具有特例性，而非普遍意义。
关键词：自由竞争；知识产权保护；滥用市场支配地位
Subject:On the Extensive Application of Article 102 of The Treaty on the Functioning of European Union to Intellectual Property Right ——on AstraZeneca v. European Commission
Author&unit:YIN Xueping（School of International Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042, China）
Abstract：Free competition and intellectual property right protection are compared to two swords for the construction of modern country, the improvement of the market economic system and the protection of the consumer’s right. The principles established by precedents were that the EU competition law applied restrictively to some of the conducts during the exercise of intellectual property right. The conditions for application are extremely strict. The recent judgment of EU General Court, for the first time, applied Article 102 of The Treaty on the Functioning of European Union to the application of intellectual property right. In addition, the conditions for the application of the article have been softened. However, this judgment, enlarging the application of competition laws in the intellectual property right field, is detrimental to the independence of the legal system of intellectual property right and is not practical for future cases. Therefore, this is a special case, rather than a universal one.
Key words：free competition; intellectual property rights protection; abuse of market dominant position
日期：2012-7-26 14:49:47 | 关闭 | 分享到：