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《法学论坛》2012年第四期目录与摘要
http://www.law-lib.com 2012-7-26 14:48:47 来源：中国法学会网
1.三网融合视野下刑事立法的调整方向（于志刚 中国政法大学 刑事司法学院，北京 100088）
摘要：三网融合的趋势引发了“三屏合一”。网络与屏幕的融合虽然给我们的生活带来极大的便利，但是新的犯罪类型的出现，犯罪模式由“一对一”向“一对多”的转变，也给传统刑法理论、刑事立法和司法带来极大的挑战。采用传统的思路对于刑法规范的扩张解释并不能从根本上解决问题，传统犯罪的整体异化更需从刑事立法层面上进行积极回应。
关键词：三网融合；计算机犯罪；网络犯罪；扩张解释；三屏合一
Subject:The Adjust Direction of Criminal Legislation under the Perspective of Network Convergence
Author & unit:YU Zhigang (China University of Political Science and Law, BeiJing 100088,China)
Abstract：The network convergence led “three screen in one”, which has brought great convenience to our lives. However, the new types and new patterns of crime also bring special challenges to the criminal law theory, the criminal legislation and the judicial. The traditional idea of amplified interpretation does not solve the problem fundamentally, so the positive response to the alienation of traditional crime should on the level of criminal legislation.
Key words：network convergence;cybercrime;amplified interpretation;three screen syncretism
2.以刑罚威吓诽谤、诋毁、谣言？——论刑罚权对网络有害信息传播的干预程度（时延安 中国人民大学 刑事法律科学研究中心，北京 100872）
摘要：网络有害信息传播行为，应根据法治精神进行规制。对于不同类型的传播行为，应根据针对对象及其利益的不同加以区分对待。运用刑罚权来惩罚传播网络有害信息的行为人，应充分考虑刑罚权出现的正当性问题。只有给客观的、受法律确认或者为公序良俗所认可的利益造成损害或者可能造成损害的情况下，刑罚权出现才可能具有正当性。遏制网络有害信息传播，应特别注意与保障言论自由的平衡。
关键词：网络有害信息；刑罚权出现；正当性；言论自由
Subject:Deterring the Defamation, Humiliation, Rumor with Criminal Penalty?——The Intervention of Criminal Justice on the Dissemination of Deleterious Information on Web
Author & unit:SHI Yan’an(Law School, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)
Abstract：To regulate the dissemination of deleterious information on web should be under the spirit of rule of law. Deferent types of disseminating behaviors should be treated by different ways according to who they affect and whose interests will be violated. The issue of legitimacy of the power of criminal penalty should be considered in the intervention of such power on the dissemination of deleterious information. Only when a objective interest protected by law or recognized by the public is harmed or seriously dangered by such information, the appearance of the power of criminal penalty could be legitimate. The liberty of speech should be guaranteed in the process of the intervention of such power.
Key words：deleterious information on web; appearance of the power of criminal penalty; legitimacy； liberty of speech
3.网络背景下刑事立法的修正（郑延谱 北京师范大学 法学院，北京 100875）
摘要：网络世界具有虚拟性、公开性等特点，虽不能独立于现实世界，但也有自身的特点。单纯通过解释传统刑法条文，已无法规制和惩罚网络犯罪，宜采用“渐进的立法方式”对现行刑事立法进行修正。本文建议，应对公私财物进行扩大性解释，将虚拟物纳入刑法的调整范围；承认片面共犯的存在，以适应网络犯罪公开性、跨国界的特点；调整刑事管辖的原则，参加双边及国际条约，加强国际司法协助以应对日益猖獗的网络犯罪。
关键词：网络犯罪；虚拟性；片面共犯；财物
Subject:The Revision of Criminal Law in Perspective of Cybercrimes
Author & unit:ZHENG Yanpu（Law School， Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
Abstract：The cyber world, independent of real world, is fictitious and open, which makes it has its own characteristic. As it is hard to regulate and punish cybercrimes only by interpreting traditional articles, it is better to revise criminal law by way of “gradual litigation”. The measures are as follows: to protect virtual objects by criminal law by broadly interpreting property; to introduce the theory of “One-sided accomplice” into criminal law while cybercrimes are always open and transnational; to adjust the principle of criminal jurisdiction, to participate bilateral and international treaties, to strengthen international judicial assistance, thus to strike the Increasingly rampant cybercrimes.
Key words：cybercrime；fictitiousness；one-sided accomplice；property
4.区域经济一体化法制研究的参照系（叶必丰 上海交通大学 法学院，上海 200240）
摘要：对区域经济一体化中法制问题研究的科学性，取决于研究方法即参照系选择的科学性。我国已有研究的参照系，主要有国际私法和欧盟方案以及美国州际法治协调方案。但是，从参照系功能与所需要解决任务的一致性、参照系环境的相同性和所坚持理念的先进性来说，我们应当选择美国的州际法治协调为研究参照系。这一参照系以尊重现行宪政框架，通过法解释挖掘法律资源为核心，是我们研究区域经济一体化中法制问题的首选方案。在法解释得以充分展开，成文法资源得以穷尽挖掘的基础上，区域经济一体化的制度需求仍得不到满足的，我们完全可以像西班牙那样制定统一的成文法。
关键词：区域经济一体化；法制协调；美国州际法治协调；参照系；法解释
Subject:The Frame of Reference for Legal Study of Regional Economic Integration
Author & unit:YE Bifeng(Law School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240,China) Abstract：The Scientificity of the legal research in regional economic integration depends on its researching method, which is the scientificity of how to choose a frame of reference. The now existing frames of reference include international private law scheme, the European Union scheme and the Inter-State legal coordination scheme in the U.S. Nevertheless, the Inter-State legal coordination scheme shall be our best choice for many reasons, like the consistency of the function of the frame of reference with the tasks waiting for accomplishment, the environmental similarities of the frame of reference, and the advancement of the conceptions. The Inter-State legal coordination scheme focuses on respecting the current constitutional framework, and taking full advantage of legal resources by law interpretation. Therefore, it shall be our preferred scheme when researching legal issues in regional economic integration. If the systematic needs still could not be satisfied on condition of fully use of law interpretation and exhausting utilization of written law resources, we could certainly enact a unified statute like what Spain has done.
Key words：regional economic integration; legal coordination; the frame of reference; law interpretation
5.分权、政府间竞争与经济发展——概念、逻辑及其批评（程金华 华东政法大学 国际金融法律学院，上海 201620）
摘要：在过去的30多年，包括中国在内的许多国家都存在通过中央分权地方政府以促进经济发展的潮流。对相关理论和实践的研究变得日益重要，其内容包括梳理分权的概念与类型，探究分权促进经济发展的理论逻辑及其思想根源，以及评析分权研究中可能存在的方法论问题。研究发现，尽管分权改革得到了世界银行在内的国际组织与许多学者的支持，但目前对于分权能否真正通过引入地方竞争机制来保护市场并推动经济的长久发展并无定论。包括“市场保护型联邦制”在内的诸多分权理论普遍存在对市场建设的制度环境进行过度假设的问题，如此分权与经济发展之间的因果关系被或多或少地扭曲了。
关键词：分权；地方竞争；联邦制；市场建设；经济发展
Subject:Decentralization, Intergovernmental Competition, and Economic Growth: A critical review
Author & unit:CHENG Jinhua （East China University of Political Science,Shanghai 201620,China）
Abstract：There has been an increasing interest in promoting decentralization research and reform in the last three decades all over the world. This essay reviews this academic and practical tendency critically. It clarifies the definition and classification of decentralization, examines historical and theoretical origins of modern proposition of decentralization for economic growth, and points out many potential methodological problems in the contemporary literature of decentralization reform. This review finds that while decentralization reform has been widely supported by scholars, politicians, and international organizations (such as the World Bank), whether decentralization is truly able to promote long-term economic growth through introducing intergovernmental competition is empirically inconclusive. In the contemporary studies of decentralization for economic growth, including the famous thesis of “market-preserving federalism,” students make too many strong institutional assumptions to find right causation between decentralization and economic growth.
Key words：decentralization; intergovernmental competition; federalism; market building; economic growth
6.论跨地区水生态补偿的法制协调机制——以新安江流域生态补偿为中心的思考（徐 键 上海财经大学 法学院，上海 200433）
摘要：跨地区水生态补偿，以受益者负担为原则，是流域下游水生态受益地区向流域上游水生态保护建设地区实施补偿的一种活动。它旨在通过利益驱动机制、激励机制和协调机制，协调地区之间的生态保护和利益冲突，最终实现保护生态的共同目的。作为跨域治理的具体形态，跨地区水生态补偿主要有支配性治理和区域合作治理两种模式。在实践中，基于执行落差和实施范围的限制，支配性治理模式并不高效；由于利益的高度分化，区域合作治理模式同样面临诸多现实困难。新安江流域生态补偿机制融合了区域合作的自愿要素和来自中央政府的执行强制要素，展示了一种新的有效的跨地区水生态补偿法制协调机制。
关键词：生态补偿；区域合作；财政转移支付；法制协调
Subject:Legal Coordination Mechanism for the Eco-compensation of Across Boundaries
Author & unit:XU Jian (Law School, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China)
Abstract：On the basis of beneficiary-pay principle, the eco-compensation of across boundaries means, the area of ecological protection gains compensation from the area of ecological benefit. The purpose of the eco-compensation is, coordinating the interest conflict between different areas and realizing the common objectives of ecological protection, with the interest drive mechanism, incentive mechanism and coordination mechanism. As an concrete form of governance across boundaries, the eco-compensation of across boundaries has two different model: dominating governance and regional cooperative governance. In practice, the implementation of these two models is not efficient. The eco-compensation mechanism of Xinanjiang River, combines the governance elements of voluntary and mandatory, and displays an effective legal cooperation mechanism of eco-compensation.
Key words：eco-compensation; regional cooperation; financial transfer payment; legal coordination
7.论我国宪法与社会主义核心价值体系建设——寻找当代中国的共识基础（李炳辉，周叶中武汉大学 政治与公共管理学院，湖北武汉 430072；武汉大学 法学院，湖北武汉 430072）
摘要：社会主义核心价值体系建设是当代中国的一项重要时代课题，其目的即在全社会中构建起一种全新的时代共识。而要构建起这种共识，则需要通过宪法之实施加以实现。宪法中所体现的共识是社会价值的基础，我国现行宪法中的大量规范本身也与社会主义核心价值相互重合，更重要的是，唯有实现宪法中所体现的诸多价值，社会主义核心价值体系才会具有牢固的基础。因此，宪法实施是社会主义核心价值体系建设的必由之路。
关键词：社会主义核心价值体系；宪法共识；宪法价值；宪法实施。
Subject:On the Construction of Socialist Core Value System about China’s Constitution
Author & unit:Li Binghui,ZHOU Yezhong(Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)
Abstract：The construction of the socialist core value system is an important subject of today in modern China, whose purpose is to structure a new contemporary consensus in the whole society. This consensus should be realized by the implementation of constitution. The consensus which implicated in constitution is the base of social values, and a lot of constitutional norms themselves are consistent with socialist core value. More importantly, only the realization of several constitutional values can provide a firm foundation for the construction of the socialist core value system. Therefore, the implementation of constitution is essential for the construction of the socialist core value system.
Key words：the socialist core value system; constitutional consensus; constitutional values; the implementation of constitution
8.论作为基础区分概念的营利（李政辉 浙江财经学院 法学院，浙江杭州 310018）
摘要：社会科学的研究范式从“国家——社会”两分法转变为“国家——公民社会——市场”三分法，这对法律提出巨大的转轨制度需求，营利是区分三者的关键线索。营利内涵具有三方面：作为目的的营利、作为过程的营利与作为结果的营利，包含了主客观两方面的内容。用营利内涵解析各主体，可区分为国家是绝对的非营利，公民社会是相对的非营利，而市场则是典型的营利。法律制度应做出系统性回应，以营利作为主体的区分标准。
关键词：营利；营利内涵；法律主体分类
Subject:On Profit, as A Fundamental Divisive Concept
Author & unit:LI Zhenghui（Law School， Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China)
Abstract：The research paradigm of social science has changed from dichotomous of “Country-Society” to tracheotomy of “Country-Civil Society-Market”, which puts forward to the transformation of Legal System. Profit is the key concept to distinguish the organizations existing in Country, Civil Society and Market. The connotation of profit has three aspects: the profit purpose, the profit activities and the profit distribution that has integrated content including subjective and objective meanings. Using the connotation of profit to analyze the different sections, Country is the absolute non-profit, Civil Society as relative non-profit and Market as typical profit. Basing on such classification, the Legal System should give systematic response, applying profit as standard to the organizations.
Key words：profit; connotation of profit; classification of legal organizations
9.论我国著作权法律制度的内部协调（刘 洁 中国社会科学院 法学所，北京 100720）
摘要：我国著作权法律体系中邻接权区别于著作权而存在，但二者的权利对象区分模糊，引起我国著作权法律制度内部的不协调。邻接权与著作权两者区分的根源在于版权体系与作者权体系认定作品所采用的独创性标准不一致。以独创性标准为最终着眼点，邻接权与著作权权利对象属性具有高度的统一性。
关键词：权利对象；独创性；内部协调
Subject:On the Interal Coordination of Our Copyright Legal System
Author & unit:LIU Jie（Post-doctoral Station，Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Beijing 100720，China）
Abstract：In China’s copyright legal system, neighboring rights exsit which are different from the copyright. But both right objects can’t be distinguished clearly. It causes the copyright legal system incoordinate. In this paper, after analysizing the legal relationship of copyright and neghboring rights, it is thought that two of them are distinguished because the material difference original standard of work in copyright system and the author right system . Regarding the original standard as the final point, the paper demonstrates that the objects’ attribute of copyright and neghboring rights could be unity.It is profitable to coordinate copyright legal system.
Key words：right objects; originality; interal coordination
10.利益衡量及其理论的反思——一个经济分析的视角（张伟强 山东大学威海分校 法学院，山东威海 264209）
摘要：利益衡量理论指出，法官裁判中存在实质性判断且也应该进行利益衡量，但它却未能对如何进行实质裁量提供有效的标准与知识。相关标准或理论不但不具有可操作性，且遮蔽了问题的本原，容易使法官陷入“左右为难”的困境，做出错误的选择。与之相对，经济分析理论却有助于帮助法官将实质裁量的依据集中到不同选择的一般性社会后果上，且为后果的预测及评价提供了更为有效的知识与标准。
关键词：利益衡量；经济分析； 法官裁量；司法理论
Subject:An Economic Introspection on Interest Balancing and It’s Theory
Author & unit:ZHANG Weiqiang(Law School, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai Shandong 264209,China)
Abstract：The interest balancing theory points out that the judge has to do substantive discretion and should also do some interest balancing in some cases. But this theory couldn’t provide effective standards and knowledge for substantial discretion. The relevant standards or theory not only lack the maneuverability, but also shield the truth. It could lead judge to be in a dilemma and make wrong choices. In contrast, economic analysis can help judge to consider different general social consequences of different choices, and provide more effective knowledge and standards to predict and evaluate the consequences.
Key words：interest balancing; economic analysis; judge discretion; judicial theory
11.“临终关怀”的法律之维——法理基础、宪法依据与实体法规制（尤金亮 安徽医科大学 人文学院，安徽合肥 230032）
摘要：临终关怀是对临终病人进行姑息性照护，而非治疗性照护，关注的是如何减少临终病人痛苦，不以延长生命为主要目的。现代人权理念的内在要求、社会契约论对弱势群体的当然保护、法的效益价值的现实体现，是临终关怀正当性的法理基础。临终关怀具有充分的宪法依据。临终关怀必须依法进行，以确保患者的权利不被剥夺。在刑法上，临终关怀属于“正当行为”，但要防止以临终关怀为理由而实施的遗弃罪和不作为形式的故意杀人罪，同时防范其他犯罪。在民法上，要规范临终关怀的决定主体、实施条件和操作程序。
关键词：临终关怀；法理基础；宪法依据；实体法保障
Subject:Viewpoint of Law on Hospice—— the Jurisprudence Basis, Constitutional According and Substantive Law Regulating of Hospice
Author & unit:YOU Jinliang(Law Department, Anhui Medical University, HeFei AnHui 230032,China)
Abstract：Hospice is a form of medical treatment which provide the patients with palliative care, rather than therapeutic care, and focused on how to reduce pain, rather than prolonging life . The inherent requirement of modern human rights idea, the properly protection for the vulnerable groups according to The Social Contract theory, and the beneficial value of law are the jurisprudence of hospice . Hospice has fully constitutional basis. Hospice must be operated legally in order to ensure the right of the patients. In criminal law, hospice belongs to “proper behavior”, but we must prevent crimes of abandonment and the crime of homicide of negative form in the disguise of hospice, and prevent other crimes which maybe happened in the operation of hospice . In civil law, we should regulate decision subject , implement conditions and operating procedures of hospice.
Key words：hospice; Legal basis; Constitutional basis; Substantive law guarantee
12.利用影响力受贿罪若干问题解读（杨俊 华东政法大学 博士后流动站，上海 200042）
摘要：《刑法》第388条之一是关于利用影响力受贿罪的规定，该法条来源于《刑法修正案（七）》第13条之增设性规定，旨在从严预防和惩治贿赂犯罪。尤其是针对以往不具有国家工作人员身份的人[JP2]（主要是国家工作人员的“身边人”以及离职的国家工作人员和他们的“身边人”等）索取或收受贿赂后因惩处缺位而借以逃脱法律制裁的状况，立法上作出了相应的改进。然而，在增设了利用影响力受贿罪这一罪名后，必须考虑其与原有的贿赂犯罪罪刑体系如何衔接与协调，特别是有必要对该罪的罪名确定、主体范围、行为特征以及司法适用等问题进行深刻地解读。[JP]
关键词：《刑法》第388条之一；利用影响力受贿罪；罪名确定；主体范围；行为特征；司法适用
Subject:The Decoding about Some Problems on Bribery Crime of Influence
Author & unit:YANG Jun（East China University of Political Science and Law，ShangHai 200042，China）
Abstract：The article 388 of the penal code is a legal provision about bribery crime
of influence，this legal provisions root in the incremental stipulation of the article 13 of the amendment Ⅶ to the criminal law，which wish to preventing and punishing bribe crimes sharply. Especially this legal provisions is directed against the status that those non-governmental office-holders（some “people around governmental office-holders” and leaving state personnel and people around them）are running away from justice after they asking for bribe or taking bribe owing to the vacancy of legal system，there are improvements on legislatives accordingly. However，it should be thought over bribery crime of influence join and coordinate with other bribe crimes after augmenting the charge. It’s necessary that decoding charge definition，subject scope，behavioral feature and judicial application on bribery crime of influence deeply.
Key words：the article 388 of the penal code；bribery crime of influence；charge definition；subject scope；behavioral feature；judicial application
13.土地征收补偿标准的法经济学解读——兼论《物权法》第42条第2款及第132条之适用（郭继 淮阴师范学院 法学院，江苏淮安 223300）
摘要：现行法律未分别规定集体土地所有权及土地承包经营权的征收补偿标准，给《物权法》第42条第2款及第132条的适用带来了困惑。出于多方面因素考虑，集体土地征收应采取“二元化”的补偿模式；基于法经济学分析，在未设置土地承包经营权的假设下，集体土地所有权征收应以其市场交易的均衡价格作为补偿标准；家庭土地承包经营权征收应分别采用年平均产值、失地农民转业培训标准、居民社会保障标准，作为其收入、就业及社会保障效用减损的补偿标准；其他土地承包经营权征收应以延期收益损失作为补偿标准；分别考量未设置土地承包经营权的集体土地所有权征收补偿标准及土地承包经营权征收补偿标准，即可确定已设置土地承包经营权的集体土地所有权之征收补偿标准。
关键词：集体土地所有权；土地承包经营权；征收补偿标准；法经济学
Subject:The Compensation Standard of Land Expropriation Law Economics Analysis——on the “property law” in forty-second paragraphs 2 and132shall apply
Author & unit:GUO ji(Law school，Huaiyin Normal University，Huaian Jiangsu 223300，China)
Abstract：The current law does not stipulate the collective land ownership and management right of the contracting of land collection compensation standard, to the “property law” in forty-second paragraphs 2 and132of the applicable brought bewilderment. Because of many factors, the collective land requisition should take “two parts” compensation model based on the analysis of law and economics; not set, the land contract management right under the assumption of the ownership of collective land expropriation, shall be based on the market equilibrium price as compensation standard; the family contracted management rights in the land expropriation should be respectively using the annual average value job training standards, farmers, social security of dweller standard as their income, employment and social security function impairment compensation standards; other contractual operation right of land expropriation should be deferred loss of revenue as compensation standards; were considered not set the contractual operation right of land collective ownership of land expropriation compensation standard and the contracted management rights in the land expropriation compensation standard, are determined to set the land contracting management right of land collective ownership acquisition compensation standard.
Key words：collective ownership of land; right to contract for management of land expropriation compensation standard; law and economics
14.农村住房及宅基地流转制度研究（毛维国 山东农业大学 马克思主义学院，山东泰安 271018）
摘要：农村住房及宅基地的问题是“三农”研究的重要课题。长期以来，农民房屋私人所有与宅基地使用权集体所有的矛盾十分突出，农村住房及宅基地流转限制问题一直未能得到有效解决，造成住房及宅基地资源大量浪费，严重影响了农村经济的发展。因此，加强农村住房及宅基地制度改革与创新，建立有效的农村住房及宅基地流转机制，对于加快农村和谐发展和城乡一体化进程具有重要意义。
关键词：农村；住房；宅基地；流转制度；权能
Subject:Studies on the Houses of Village and Exchange System of Housing
Author & unit:MAO Weiguo (Shandong Agricultural University, Taian Shandong,271018，China)
Abstract：The problems of the houses of village and the housing constitute a major subject of the village’ three problems. A number of houses and housing have been wasted due to a long strong contradiction between the belongings of the private houses and the collective housing, never resolving the problems of the houses of village and the housing, affecting the development of village’s economy seriously. So,it is an important meaning to reform and create a new system of houses and housing of the villages, establish the houses of village and exchange system of housing and fasten the harmonious development of the village.
Key words：village；house；housing；exchange system；belongings
15.论因第三人欺诈或胁迫而订立合同的效力（冉克平 中国人民大学 法学院，北京 100872）
摘要：当事人一方因受第三人的欺诈或胁迫，与相对人所订立合同的效力，集中地表现为该方当事人、相对人以及第三人之间利益冲突。这里的“第三人”并非当事人一方与相对人以外的任何人，而是受到特定的限制。对于一方当事人受第三人欺诈或胁迫而订立合同的效力，应该采纳《荷兰民法典》所代表的效力模式，以相对人知道或应当知道合同一方当事人受第三人欺诈或胁迫的事实，作为合同一方当事人撤销该合同的条件。如果遭受欺诈或胁迫的一方当事人受有损失的，可以要求第三人承担侵权责任，赔偿其全部损失。
关键词：合同；欺诈；胁迫；第三人；信赖原则;交易安全
Subject:On Due to Fraud or Coercion of a Third Person Entered into Validity of the Contract
Author & unit:RAN Keping(Law School， Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
Abstract：Party due to fraud or coercion of the third person, and the validity of the contract entered into relative concentration of performance for that party, the conflict of interest between the relative and the third person.Where the “third person” is not any person other than the party with the relative, but subject to certain limitations. Validity of the Dutch Civil Code should be adopted for the effectiveness of a party by a third party fraud or duress to enter into a contract on behalf of the mode, the counterpart knows or should know that the party of the contract by a third party fraud or duress fact, as the contract party to revoke the conditions of the contract. If you suffer from fraud or duress a party by the loss, may require the third party assumes the tort liability, and compensation for all losses.
Key words：contract；fraud；coercion；the third person；trust principle；transaction security
16.非法证据为何难以有效排除——兼及中国非法证据排除的未来（郭松 四川大学 法学院，四川成都 610064）
摘要：既往的研究太多从非法证据排除规则粗疏这一制度层面解释非法证据难以有效排除的原因，但这并不充分。从结果层面而言，非法证据没有被排除在很大程度上意味着被采纳。对非法证据难以有效排除的研究必须深入解析法官采纳非法证据的内在原因。法官证据运用的形式主义化、刑法的主观主义倾向以及司法实务部门对证明力规则的过度追求等因素，是诱发法官采纳非法证据的重要原因，并由此造成了非法证据难以有效排除。在非法证据排除的问题上，我们不能仅限于非法证据排除规则的完善，还需将证据信息的供给、刑事实体法的调整、证明方法的转换以及证据能力规则的建设等均纳入视野。
关键词：非法证据排除；证据运用的形式主义；刑法的主观主义；证明力规则
Subject:Why Illegal Evidence Can Not Be Excluded Effectively——The Future of China’s Illegal Evidence Exclusion
Author & unit:GUO Song（Law School，Sichuan University，Chengdu Sichuan 61004，China）
Abstract：Previous studies mainly explained the reasons why illegal evidence could not be effectively excluded from institutional level of crude illegal evidence exclusion rule. However, the explanations are not sufficient. From the level of results, non-excluded illegal evidence means illegal evidence is adopted to a large extent. Studies on why illegal evidence can not be excluded effectively should deeply analyze the inner reasons why judges adopt illegal evidence. The formalism of evidence use by judges, the subjectivism’s tendency of criminal law, the excessive seeking for probative force rules by substantive justice departments and other factors are the important reasons induce judges to adopt illegal evidence, which results in that illegal evidence is difficult to be excluded effectively. Therefore, as for the regulation of illegal evidence exclusion, we should not only improve illegal evidence exclusion rule, but also consider the supply of evidence information, the adjustment of substantive criminal law, the conversion of proof methods and the construction of evidence capacity rules.
Key words：illegal evidence exclusion；formalism of evidence use；subjectivism of criminal law；probative force rules
17.最高人民法院的司法文件：现状、问题与前景（黄韬 上海交通大学 凯原法学院，上海 200240）
摘要：除了制定司法解释之外，我国最高人民法院还通过颁布各种形式的抽象性司法文件来指导甚至约束各级人民法院的法律适用活动，这一方面可以视为最高人民法院试图在通过低成本的方式来实现法制统一的目标，但其中也蕴含着某些阻碍我国司法体制进步的消极因素，因此，需要在司法体制改革的过程中加以关注并予以有效解决。
关键词：最高法院；司法文件；司法改革
Subject:The Judicial Document of Chinese Supreme People''s Court: Status, Problems and Prospects
Author & unit:HUANG Tao ( KoGuan Law School，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200240，China)
Abstract：Besides formulating judicial interpretation, Chinese Supreme People''s Court instructs and even binds the activities of legal application of the courts at all levels by issuing various kinds of abstractive judicial documents. On the one hand, this phenomena can be regarded as an exertion of the Supreme Court to achieve the goal of uniformity of legal system, but on the other hand, some negative factors that impedes the progress of China''s judicial system can also be observed and these factors ought to be concerned and solved effectively in the process of judicial reform.
Key words：chinese supreme people''s court; judicial document; judicial reform
18.检察机关提起民事公益诉讼之权力解析及程序构建（何燕 烟台大学 法学院，山东烟台 264005）
摘要：我国的检察权是一种复合型的权力，法律监督权和公诉权是其最主要的两种权能，这两种权力在本质上存在不可兼容性。检察机关提起民事公益诉讼的权力源自其公诉职能。检察机关提起民事公益诉讼的制度构建应该首先在宪法上明确其公诉职能，并以此为据，在《人民检察院组织法》和《民事诉讼法》中确定检察机关在民事公益诉讼中的“公诉人”地位，设置检察机关提起公益诉讼的特别程序。
关键词：检察权；法律监督权；公诉权；民事公益诉讼；程序构建
Subject:The Power analysis on the Prosecution filied Civil Public Interest Litigation and program construction
Author & unit:HE Yan(Law School,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)
Abstract：China''s prosecutorial power is a complex type of power.meaning The two main powers is the right of legal supervision and the right of public indictment. but these two powers can not be compatibility in essence. The right of prosecutor organization filed Public interest litigation comes from its’ public indictment power. The system of civil public interest litigation filed by People''s Procurator should make the clear understanding of the indictment functions in the Constitution firstly, and then identified the people''s Procuratorate organization “prosecutor” status and set up the special procedure in “The People''s Procuratorate Organization law” and “Civil Procedure Law” according to this.
Key words：prosecutorial power； the right of legal supervision; public indictment; civil public interest litigation；program construction
19.论过度医疗侵权行为及其法律规制（王安富 大连医科大学 公共卫生学院，辽宁大连 116044）
摘要：过度医疗一般是指，在医疗过程中，医师对患者的疾病实施不必要的诊疗措施，致使患者的医疗费用明显超过疾病诊疗实际需求的医疗行为或医疗过程。过度医疗认定的关键，在于把握过度医疗行为与适度医疗行为的界限，并且应将其与保护性医疗和防御性医疗加以严格区分。从法律意义上讲，过度医疗是一种发生在医疗过程中的特殊民事侵权行为，是指医疗机构及其医务人员在医疗活动中，以获取一定经济利益为目的，违法实施不必要的诊疗从而造成患者明显人身、财产损害并应承担相应法律责任的行为。过度医疗侵权应适用过错推定责任进行归责。《侵权责任法》立法上将过度医疗的范围，仅局限在“实施不必要的检查”，不足以充分保护患者的合法权益，立法上应进一步做出扩充解释。
关键词：过度医疗； 过度医疗侵权行为； 法律规制
Subject:On Excessive Medical Treatment Tort and Its Legal Regulation
Author & unit:WANG Anfu(School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China)
Abstract：Excessive medical treatment generally refers to a medical act or process in which the unnecessary diagnosis and treatment measures adopted by doctors on the disease of patients, which consequently causes medical expenses to obviously exceed its actual need. The key of certifying excessive medical treatment lies in a demarcation line between excessive medical treatment and appropriate medical treatment it should be strictly distinguished from protective and preventive medical treatment. Legally, excessive medical treatment is a special civil tort in the process of medical treatment. It is an act in the process of which medical institutions and doctors illegally implement unnecessary diagnosis and treatment measures in order to gain some economic interests, thus causing the obvious damages of patients and their properties for which they are to take legal liabilities. Excessive medical tort is attributed in view of the presumption of fault. In legislation, Tort Liability Law limits excessive medical treatment to “the implementation of unnecessary examinations”, which is not sufficient to protect the legal rights of patients. Accordingly, it deserves extended explanation in legislation.
Key words：excessive medical treatment; excessive medical tort; legal regulations
20.损害赔偿额之酌定：基于诉讼公平的考量（黄毅 西南大学 法学院，重庆 400715）
摘要：在损害发生得以证明，但损害大小难以证明或不能证明时，法院若判决驳回原告诉讼请求，将不符合诉讼公平的要求。为弥补这种因需完全证明带来的不公平，德日等国家和地区在理论上和立法实践中确立了法官损害赔偿额酌定制度。我国引进该制度时，在理论上应厘清概念的含义应为“损害赔偿额酌定”而非“损害赔偿额认定”。在实践中，应明确该制度的适用要件，并采取合理的酌定方法。
关键词：损害赔偿额酌定；证明度减轻；诉讼公平
Subject:The Discretionary of Damages: A Consideration Based on Fairness of Litigation
Author & unit:HUANG Yi (Law school, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)
Abstract：The judge will reject the plaintiffs’ claim because they are difficult or failed to prove the amount of compensation, even though the damage facts are obvious, which is not in accordance with the equity and justice of litigation. To eliminate the problems of unfairness associated with strict proof, Germany, Japan and some other countries have established a system in theory and legislation practice, which the judge has the power to make discretionary awards. We should ascertain the meaning?of the?concept in theory is discretion, not accreditation when the system introduced into China. And the essence of this system should adopt lighten the standard of proof theory. We should clarify applicable condition and adopt proper method in practice.
Key words：Discretionary of damages; Lightening the proof standard; Fairness of litigation
20.调解兴衰与当代中国法院政治功能的变迁——以《最高人民法院工作报告》（1981年-2010年）为对象（郑智航 山东大学 法学院，山东济南 250100）
摘要：上世纪80年代以来，中国调解制度经历了“着重调解——自愿调解——调解优先”的过程。在着重调解阶段，法院具有动员人们参与有中国特色社会主义建设和法律现代化的进程，消解经济发展带来的民众脱离政治依附性的离心力的政治功能；在自愿调解阶段，法院具有进一步强化中国特色社会主义建设和法律现代化这一基本方向的政治功能；在调解优先阶段，法院具有重新恢复民众对于社会现代化和法律现代化信心的政治动员功能。
关键词：调解；法院；政治功能；政治动员；法律现代化
Subject:The Ebb and the Flow of Mediate and Changes of the Political Function of People Court Author & unit:ZHENG Zhihang(Law School,Shandong university,Jinan Shandong 250100,China)
Abstract：Since 1980,the mediate system has gone through the process of the ebb and the flow. In the process, at first, court emphasized the function of mediate; Some years past,it has more and more emphasized that people use mediate according to their voluntary. In recent years, it considers that mediate has precedence over judgment. At the first stage, court undertook to mobilize people to participate in the socialist cause and legal modernization. At the second stage, court has the Political Function that it strengthens the basic direction of the socialist cause and legal modernization. At the third stage, court must to resume people’s faith of socialist cause and legal modernization.
Key words：Mediate; Court; Political function; Political mobilize; legal modernization
日期：2012-7-26 14:48:47 | 关闭 | 分享到：